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. 2021 Aug 28;4(9):64-71.

Neurobiology and Spirituality in Addiction Recovery

A Kenison Roy  1 , Abdalla Bowirrat  2 , David E Smith  3 , Eric R Braverman  4   5 , Rehan Jalali  5 , Rajendra D Badgaiyan  6 , David Baron  7 , Luis Llanos-Gomez  5 , Debmalya Barh  1   2 , Kenneth Blum  5   7   8   9   10   11   12
Affiliations

Neurobiology and Spirituality in Addiction Recovery

A Kenison Roy et al. Acta Sci Neurol. .

Abstract

This commentary explores the neurobiology of spirituality and asks whether it is possible or desirable to apply genetic engineering to increase human spiritual and religious experience - (gene-spirituality) to deal better with the ever-increasing catastrophes that face humanity? Neurological connections between spirituality and reward genes, reward deficiencies (RDS) (hypodopaminergia), the mirror neuron system, and the default mode network are examined. Some interventions from addiction medicine that may be useful to enhance the neuro-spirituality connectome identified as a cornerstone of the Purpose and Meaning of Life as Reward (PMLR) are identified as reasonable targets for interventions to treat RDS and balance DMN activity.

Keywords: Purpose and Meaning of Life as Reward (PMLR).

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest K.B. is the inventor of GARS and Pro-dopamine regulator (KB220) either owned and or licensed to his various companies (Geneus Health L.L.C., Synaptamine, Ivitalize). K.B. is supported in part by Ivitalize. There are no other conflicts to report. R.J. and R.G. receive support from Ivitalize. All positions on the Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute are on a volunteer basis, no

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. Figure of spirituality and neurobiology
Schematic of Geno-spirituality and a model of the "Purpose and Meaning of Life as Reward (PMLR)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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