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. 2022 May;24(5):357-361.
doi: 10.1089/dia.2021.0431. Epub 2022 Feb 21.

Insulin Delivery and Glucose Variability Throughout the Menstrual Cycle on Closed Loop Control for Women with Type 1 Diabetes

Carol J Levy  1 , Grenye O'Malley  1 , Dan Raghinaru  2 , Yogish C Kudva  3 , Lori M Laffel  4   5 , Jordan E Pinsker  6 , John W Lum  2 , Sue A Brown  7 ; iDCL Trial Research Group
Collaborators, Affiliations

Insulin Delivery and Glucose Variability Throughout the Menstrual Cycle on Closed Loop Control for Women with Type 1 Diabetes

Carol J Levy et al. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2022 May.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze insulin delivery and glycemic metrics throughout the menstrual cycle for women with type 1 diabetes using closed loop control (CLC) insulin delivery. Methods: Menstruating women using a CLC system in a clinical trial were invited to record their menstrual cycles through a cycle-tracking application. Sixteen participants provided data for this secondary analysis over three or more complete cycles. Insulin delivery and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data were analyzed in relation to reported cycle phases. Results: Insulin delivery and CGM metrics remained consistent during cycle phases. Intraparticipant variability of CGM metrics and weight-based insulin delivery did not change through cycle phases. Conclusions: For this sample of menstruating women with type 1 diabetes using a CLC system, insulin delivery and glycemic metrics remained stable throughout menstrual cycle phases. Additional studies in this population are needed, particularly among women who report variable glycemic control during their cycles. Trial Registration: NCT03591354.

Keywords: Closed loop control; Glucose variability; Menstrual cycle; Type 1 diabetes; adult; female.

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Conflict of interest statement

C.J.L. reports receiving advisory board fees from Sanofi, and grant support, paid to her institution, from Dexcom, Tandem Diabetes Care, Insulet, Abbott Diabetes, Senseonics, and Lexicon Pharmaceuticals. G.O.M. receives research support from Tandem Diabetes, DexCom, and Abbot. D.R. has no financial disclosures. Y.C.K. received product support from Dexcom and Roche Diabetes and has consulted for Novo Nordisk. L.M.L. has received consulting fees from Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi, NovoNordisk, Roche, Dexcom, Insulet, Boehringer Ingelheim, ConvaTec, Medtronic, Lifescan, Laxmi, and Insulogic.

J.E.P. is currently an employee of Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc. The study presented in the article was performed as part of his academic appointment at Sansum Diabetes Research Institute and is independent of his employment with Tandem Diabetes Care. J.W.L. reports receiving consulting fees, paid to his institution, from Animas Corporation, Bigfoot Biomedical, Tandem Diabetes Care, and Eli Lilly. S.A.B. reports receiving grant support and supplies, provided to her institution from Tandem Diabetes Care, Insulet, and Tolerion, and supplies, provided to her institution, from Dexcom and Roche Diagnostics.

Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
(A) Intraparticipant CGM TIR 70–180 mg/dL during luteala versus menstrualb phase. (B) Intraparticipant CGM time <70 mg/dL during luteala versus menstrualb phases. aLuteal phases were estimated to occur during the 9 days before the onset of menses. bMenstrual phases were defined as contiguous days with reported vaginal bleeding, with a minimum 1 day and maximum 9 days observed during the study. CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; TIR, time in range.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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