Evaluation of Levels of Advanced Oxidative Protein Products in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with and without Chronic Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition with a multifactorial aetiology. Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an immunoinflammatory disease that is linked to PCOS via the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to an imbalance in the antioxidant system. However, limited studies have evaluated the relationship between these diseases. The current study aims to evaluate the levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) in patients with periodontitis and PCOS. Four groups, each consisting of 12 patients, with both PCOS and CP (PCOSCP), systemically healthy women with CP, periodontally healthy women with PCOS (PCOSPH), and periodontally and systemically healthy women (PH) were included in the study. Clinical parameters such as clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) index were noted. AOPP were evaluated in the saliva and serum samples by spectrophotometric detection. Salivary and serum AOPP levels were highest in the PCOSCP group (75.16 ± 7.50 μmol/l, 97.92 ± 6.50 μmol/l, respectively). Statistical significance (P<0.05) was noted between the salivary AOPP levels of the PCOSCP group and PCOS group. PISA was greatest in the PCOSCP group (1338.40 ± 285.96 mm² ) followed by the PCOS group (680.33 ± 79.49 mm² ), which showed the impact of PCOS on gingival inflammation. According to the results of this study, increased levels of advanced oxidative protein products appeared to show the effect of CP on worsening PCOS.

Keywords: Gingivitis; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species.

Fig.1

Graph showing the PISA scores. Lines connecting the bars indicate a statistical significant difference P<0.05. PISA; Periodontal inflamed surface area and PCOSCP; Polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic periodontitis.

Fig.2

Graph showing the AOPP serum levels. Lines connecting the bars indicate a statistical significant difference P<0.05. PISA; Periodontal inflamed surface area and PCOSCP; Polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic periodontitis.

Fig.3

Graph showing the AOPP levels in saliva. Lines connecting the bars indicate a statistical significant difference P<0.05. PISA; Periodontal inflamed surface area and PCOSCP; Polycystic ovary syndrome and chronic periodontitis.