Cellulite: Presentation and management

Abstract

Background: Cellulite is a common dermatological condition with a female preponderance, affecting up to 90% post-pubertal females. It is characterized with dimpling and denting of the skin surface, giving it a Peau d'orange appearance. Once considered to be a benign physiological isolated skin condition of only an esthetic concern, cellulite is now considered a pathological entity with systemic associations and a negative psychological impact on patients.

Aims: The objective of this article was to discuss etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of cellulite.

Materials and methods: Literature was screened to retrieve articles from PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar and related websites. Cross-references from the relevant articles were also considered for review. Review articles, clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and relevant information from selected websites were included.

Results: Several treatment options from lifestyle modifications and topical cosmetic therapies to energy-based devices have been studied for its treatment. However, treatment remains a challenge despite many new modalities in the armamentarium. Laser and light therapies along with radiofrequency are useful treatment options with good safety profile. Acoustic wave therapy, subcision, and 1440-nm Nd:YAG minimally invasive laser are beneficial in cellulite reduction.

Discussion: Methodological differences in the trials conducted make it difficult to compare different treatment modalities.

Conclusion: Overall, treatment needs to be individualized based on the patient characteristics and severity of the condition. A combination of treatments is often required in most patients for reducing cellulite.

Keywords: cellulite; management; presentation.