Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021 Dec 26;13(12):e20708.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.20708. eCollection 2021 Dec.

The Role of Cardiac Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Involvement in Systemic Diseases

Kelash Kumar  1 , Karthik Seetharam  2 , Fnu Poonam  3 , Amit Gulati  1 , Adnan Sadiq  4 , Vijay Shetty  5
Affiliations
Review

The Role of Cardiac Imaging in the Evaluation of Cardiac Involvement in Systemic Diseases

Kelash Kumar et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

For systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis, systemic vasculitis, myopathies, and mixed connective tissue diseases, cardiac disease is a major contributing factor for morbidity and mortality. The cardiovascular manifestations are the result of various pathophysiological components, which complicate management. Furthermore, the signs and symptoms can be subtle and missed due to the complex nature of the underlying condition. As a result, various imaging approaches play an imperative role in diagnosis and prognosis. The evolving role of these modalities could lead to risk stratification and improved therapies in the future. In conclusion, our review article will highlight the role of cardiac imaging in the evaluation of cardiac involvement for systemic diseases.

Keywords: cmr; echocardiography; inflammatory cardiomyopathy; multimodality cardiac imaging; systemic diseases.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

References

    1. Cardiac tissue characterization and imaging in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Mavrogeni SI, Sfikakis PP, Koutsogeorgopoulou L, Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Dimitroulas T, Kolovou G, Kitas GD. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017;10:1387–1396. - PubMed
    1. "How many times must a man look up before he can really see the sky?" Rheumatic cardiovascular disease in the era of multimodality imaging. Mavrogeni SI, Markousis-Mavrogenis G, Heutemann D, van Wijk K, Reiber HJ, Kolovou G. World J Methodol. 2015;5:136–143. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Multimodality imaging and the emerging role of cardiac magnetic resonance in autoimmune myocarditis. Mavrogeni S, Dimitroulas T, Kitas GD. Autoimmun Rev. 2012;12:305–312. - PubMed
    1. Heart involvement in rheumatoid arthritis: multimodality imaging and the emerging role of cardiac magnetic resonance. Mavrogeni S, Dimitroulas T, Sfikakis PP, Kitas GD. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2013;43:314–324. - PubMed
    1. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in systemic sclerosis: "pearls and pitfalls". Mavrogeni SI, Schwitter J, Gargani L, Pepe A, Monti L, Allanore Y, Matucci-Cerinic M. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2017;47:79–85. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources