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. 2021 Dec 27;61(1):24-31.
doi: 10.2478/sjph-2022-0005. eCollection 2022 Mar.

Health-related Quality of Life Increases After First-time Acute Myocardial Infarction: a Population-based Study

Aleksandra Gąsecka  1 , Bartholomew Rzepa  2 , Aleksandra Skwarek  1 , Agata Ćwiek  1 , Kinga Pluta  1 , Łukasz Szarpak  2   3   4 , Miłosz J Jaguszewski  1 , Tomasz Mazurek  1 , Janusz Kochman  1 , Grzegorz Opolski  1 , Krzysztof J Filipiak  4 , Krzysztof Gąsecki  5
Affiliations

Health-related Quality of Life Increases After First-time Acute Myocardial Infarction: a Population-based Study

Aleksandra Gąsecka et al. Zdr Varst. .

Abstract
in English, Slovenian

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) affects patients' health-related quality of life (HRQOL). AMI may decrease HRQOL, thus negatively affecting QOL. However, the improvements in interventional treatment and early rehabilitation after AMI may have a positive effect on HRQOL.

Aim: We evaluated HRQOL in patients after the first AMI treated in a reference cardiology centre in Poland and assessed which clinical variables affect HRQOL after AMI.

Material and methods: We prospectively evaluated HRQOL in 60 consecutive patients suffering after their first AMI during the index hospitalisation and again after 6 months, using: (i) MacNew, (ii) World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) BREF, and (iii) Short Form (SF) 36.

Results: As measured by the MacNew questionnaire, global, social, and physical functioning did not change (p≥0.063), whereas emotional functioning improved 6 months after AMI, compared to index hospitalisation (p=0.002). As measured by WHOQOL BREF, physical health, psychological health, and environmental functioning did not change (p≥0.321), whereas social relationships improved 6 months after AMI (p=0.042). As assessed by SF-36, the global HRQOL improved after AMI (p=0.044). Patients with improved HRQOL in SF-36 often had a higher baseline body mass index (p=0.046), dyslipidaemia (p=0.046), and lower left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF; p=0.013). LVEF<50% was the only variable associated with improved HRQOL in multivariate analysis (OR 4.463, 95% CI 1.045 - 19.059, p=0.043).

Conclusions: HRQOL increased 6 months after the first AMI, especially in terms of emotional functioning and social relationships. Patients with LVEF<50% were likely to have improved HRQOL.

Uvod: Akutni miokardni infarkt (AMI) vpliva na z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja pacientov. AMI lahko zmanjša z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja pacientov in funkcionalno sposobnost ter s tem negativno vpliva na kakovost življenja. Vendar pa lahko izboljšave intervencijskega zdravljenja in zgodnja rehabilitacija po AMI pozitivno vplivajo na z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja.

Cilj: Ocenili smo z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja pri pacientih po prvem zdravljenju AMI v referenčnem kardiološkem centru na Poljskem in ovrednotili, katere klinične spremenljivke vplivajo na z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja po AMI.

Gradiva in metode: Prospektivno smo ocenili z zdravjem povezano kakovost življenja pri 60 zaporednih pacientih s prvim AMI med indeksno hospitalizacijo in po 6 mesecih z uporabo: (i) vprašalnika MacNew, (ii) skrajšane različice vprašalnika kakovosti življenja Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije (WHOQOL-BREF) in (iii) vprašalnika SF-36.

Rezultati: Kot je bilo izmerjeno z vprašalnikom MacNew, se globalno, socialno in fizično delovanje ni spremenilo (p ≥ 0,063), čustveno delovanje pa se je 6 mesecev po AMI izboljšalo v primerjavi z indeksno hospitalizacijo (p = 0,002). Kot je bilo izmerjeno z vprašalnikom WHOQOL-BREF, se telesno zdravje, psihično zdravje in okoljsko delovanje niso spremenili (p ≥ 0,321), socialni odnosi pa so se v 6 mesecih po AMI izboljšali (p = 0,042). Kot je bilo ocenjeno z vprašalnikom SF-36, se je globalna z zdravjem povezana kakovost življenja po AMI izboljšala (p = 0,044). Pacienti z izboljšano z zdravjem povezano kakovostjo življenja so pri vprašalniku SF-36 imeli izhodiščni indeks telesne mase (p = 0,046), pogostejšo dislipidemijo (p = 0,046) in nižji iztisni delež levega prekata (LVEF; p = 0,013). LVEF < 50 % je bila edina spremenljivka, povezana z izboljšano z zdravjem povezano kakovostjo življenja, pri multivariatni analizi (OR 4,463, 95 % CI 1,045 – 19,059, p = 0,043).

Zaključki: Z zdravjem povezana kakovost življenja se je 6 mesecev po prvi AMI povečala, zlasti na področju čustvenega delovanja in socialnih odnosov. Pri pacientih z LVEF < 50 % je bila večja verjetnost, da se je z zdravjem povezana kakovost življenja izboljšala.

Keywords: MacNew; SF-36; WHOQOL BREF; acute myocardial infarction; emotional health; mental health; quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest The authors declare that no conflicts of interest exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study inclusion and exclusion chart. AMI – acute myocardial infarction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Changes in health-related quality of life from the index hospitalisation due to acute myocardial infarction up to a 6-month follow-up assessed with three questionnaires in 56 patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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