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Case Reports
. 2021 Oct-Dec;36(4):422-424.
doi: 10.4103/ijnm.ijnm_84_21. Epub 2021 Dec 15.

Primary Rectal Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Shantanu Pande  1 , Shashikant Cu Patne  2
Affiliations
Case Reports

Primary Rectal Lymphoma: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Shantanu Pande et al. Indian J Nucl Med. 2021 Oct-Dec.

Abstract

Lymphomas represent common hematological malignancy, and depending on site, they are classified as nodal or extranodal lymphoma. The term extranodal disease refers to lymphomatous infiltration of anatomic sites other than the primary lymphatic sites; however, the diagnosis of primary versus secondary extranodal lymphoma remains challenging. Among the extranodal locations, gastrointestinal system is the most frequent site. The involvement of the stomach, small intestine, and colon is noted. Rectum as primary site for lymphoma is rare in adults and extremely rare in children. We describe a case of primary rectal lymphoma (high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) in 11-year-old child. We believe that reporting this case will add to the data about clinical presentation, radiological, nuclear medicine findings, and treatment approaches of primary rectal lymphoma.

Keywords: Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography; high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; pediatric; recto-sigmoid.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Photomicrograph of rectal mass shows intestinal gland with stroma displaying monotonous lymphoid population arranged in sheets (a) and immunohistochemistry (b) shows tumor cells diffuse positive for CD20
Figure 2
Figure 2
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan done for initial staging shows maximum intensity projection image (a) with fluorodeoxyglucose-avid rectal mass and image (b) indicates lesion in right femur and tibia (colored arrow). The posttreatment scan shows complete metabolic resolution of rectal mass (c) and marrow activity in femur and tibia (d) (confirmed on fused axial images)
Figure 3
Figure 3
Axial computed tomography image (a) shows bulky rectal mass (arrow). Postchemotherapy follow-up image shows significant morphological regression (b) and image (c) shows complete morphological regression of rectal mass. Corresponding positron emission tomography/computed tomography image shows fluorodeoxyglucose-avid mass (arrow in image d). Postchemotherapy follow-up positron emission tomography/computed tomography image shows significant metabolic resolution (arrow in image e) and image (f) shows complete metabolic resolution
Figure 4
Figure 4
Sagittal computed tomography image (arrow in image a) shows bulky rectal mass. Postchemotherapy follow-up image shows significant morphological regression (b) and image (c) shows complete morphological regression of rectal mass. Corresponding positron emission tomography/computed tomography image shows fluorodeoxyglucose-avid mass (d). Postchemotherapy follow-up positron emission tomography/computed tomography image shows significant metabolic resolution (e) and image (f) shows complete metabolic resolution
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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