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. 2022 Jan 21:8:765004.
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.765004. eCollection 2021.

Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes Among Women With Congenital Heart Disease in Beijing, China

Yang Liu  1 , Yanna Li  2 , Jun Zhang  2 , Wenjuan Zhao  2 , Zhaoliang Bao  2 , Xiaolong Ma  3 , Yichen Zhao  3 , Cheng Zhao  3 , Kemin Liu  3 , Qing Ye  3 , Lixiao Su  4 , Yao Yang  1 , Jing Yang  1 , Gang Li  1 , Xiangming Fan  1 , Jiangang Wang  3
Affiliations

Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes Among Women With Congenital Heart Disease in Beijing, China

Yang Liu et al. Front Cardiovasc Med. .

Abstract

Objective: To conduct a comparative analysis of the complications and outcomes in pregnant women with and without congenital heart disease (CHD) in Beijing, China.

Methods: We compared pregnancy-related complications and outcomes experienced by women with and without CHD throughout 19,424 deliveries in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between 2010 and 2019, including cardiovascular and obstetric factors, fetal events, delivery methods, and other complications over a mean 5-years post-delivery follow-up period.

Results: There were 1,040 women with CHD (5.35% of all deliveries). Compared to women without CHD, these women had longer hospital stays (7.83 ± 4.65 vs. 4.93 ± 3.26 days) and a higher death rate (1.92 vs. 0.02%). They also had a greater risk of comorbidities, including pre-term delivery (odds ratio: 13.65 vs. 6.71), heart failure (odds ratio: 4.90 vs. 0.40), and arrhythmia (odds ratio 12.69 vs. 4.69). Pulmonary hypertension, New York Heart Association functional class III~IV, and no congenital heart disease surgery prior to pregnancy were associated with adverse events such as cesarean section, pre-term delivery, and heart failure. The fetuses of mothers with CHD were more likely to be born pre-term (odds ratio: 13.65 vs. 6.71) and have low birth weight (odds ratio: 8.56 vs. 4.36). Eleven infants (1.82%) born to mothers with CHD and four infants (0.64%) born to mothers without CHD were diagnosed with CHD.

Conclusions: Women with CHD generally increase maternal and infant risk during pregnancy and the perinatal period. Pulmonary hypertension, decrease in cardiac function, and no previous CHD surgery increase the risk in women with CHD. Greater attention should be paid to pregnant women with CHD and their fetuses, newborns.

Keywords: congenital heart disease; heart failure; pregnancy; pulmonary hypertension; woman.

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Conflict of interest statement

LS was employed by the company NJS Associates Company. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of data collection for pregnant women with and without CHD.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Total number of pregnant women in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2010 to 2019, and the percentage of each CHD.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Adverse events in pregnant women with and without CHD.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Follow-up of the mothers and their offspring.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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