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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2022 Feb 7;12(2):e055396.
doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055396.

Tobacco-related risk perceptions, social influences and public smoke-free policies in relation to smoke-free home restrictions: findings from a baseline cross-sectional survey of Armenian and Georgian adults in a community randomised trial

Varduhi Hayrumyan  1 , Arusyak Harutyunyan  1 , Arevik Torosyan  2 , Lilit Grigoryan  2 , Zhanna Sargsyan  1 , Alexander Bazarchyan  2 , Varduhi Petrosyan  1 , Ana Dekanosidze  3 , Lela Sturua  3 , Michelle C Kegler  4 , Carla J Berg  5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Tobacco-related risk perceptions, social influences and public smoke-free policies in relation to smoke-free home restrictions: findings from a baseline cross-sectional survey of Armenian and Georgian adults in a community randomised trial

Varduhi Hayrumyan et al. BMJ Open. .

Abstract

Objectives: Given high prevalence of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure in Armenia and Georgia and quicker implementation of tobacco legislation in Georgia versus Armenia, we examined correlates of having no/partial versus complete smoke-free home (SFH) restrictions across countries, particularly smoking characteristics, risk perceptions, social influences and public smoking restrictions.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study design.

Setting: 28 communities in Armenia and Georgia surveyed in 2018.

Participants: 1456 adults ages 18-64 in Armenia (n=705) and Georgia (n=751).

Measurements: We used binary logistic regression to examine aforementioned correlates of no/partial versus complete SFH among non-smokers and smokers in Armenia and Georgia, respectively.

Results: Participants were an average age of 43.35, 60.5% women and 27.3% smokers. In Armenia, among non-smokers, having no/partial SFHs correlated with being men (OR=2.63, p=0.001) and having more friend smokers (OR=1.23, p=0.002); among smokers, having no/partial SFHs correlated with being unmarried (OR=10.00, p=0.001), lower quitting importance (OR=0.82, p=0.010) and less favourable smoking attitudes among friends/family/public (OR=0.48, p=0.034). In Georgia, among non-smokers, having no/partial SFHs correlated with older age (OR=1.04, p=0.002), being men (OR=5.56, p<0.001), lower SHS risk perception (OR=0.43, p<0.001), more friend smokers (OR=1.49, p=0.002) and fewer workplace (indoor) restrictions (OR=0.51, p=0.026); among smokers, having no/partial SFHs correlated with being men (OR=50.00, p<0.001), without children (OR=5.88, p<0.001), daily smoking (OR=4.30, p=0.050), lower quitting confidence (OR=0.81, p=0.004), more friend smokers (OR=1.62, p=0.038) and fewer community restrictions (OR=0.68, p=0.026).

Conclusions: Private settings continue to lack smoking restrictions in Armenia and Georgia. Findings highlight the importance of social influences and comprehensive tobacco legislation, particularly smoke-free policies, in changing household smoking restrictions and behaviours.

Trial registration number: NCT03447912.

Keywords: epidemiology; health policy; public health.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

References

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