Reply to Gremese et al.: Statistical reasoning to evaluate treatment effects when data are collected with lack of design: Covid-19 experience

Clelia Di Serio^{1

2}, Pietro Cippà^{3

4}, Alessandro Ceschi^{2

4

5

6}, Paolo Ferrari^{2

3

7}

Affiliations

¹ University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, "Vita Salute San Raffaele" University, 20132 Milan, Italy; diserio.clelia@hsr.it.
² Biomedical Faculty, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
³ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
⁵ Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷ Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

Comment

Clelia Di Serio et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022.

. 2022 Feb 15;119(7):e2103168119.

doi: 10.1073/pnas.2103168119.

Clelia Di Serio^{1

2}, Pietro Cippà^{3

4}, Alessandro Ceschi^{2

4

5

6}, Paolo Ferrari^{2

3

7}

¹ University Centre of Statistics in the Biomedical Sciences, "Vita Salute San Raffaele" University, 20132 Milan, Italy; diserio.clelia@hsr.it.
² Biomedical Faculty, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
³ Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland.
⁵ Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
⁷ Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

No abstract available

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interest.

RAASI, NSAIDs, antidiabetics, and anticoagulants: More data needed to be labeled as harmful or neutral in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Gremese E, Alivernini S, Ferraccioli G. Gremese E, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 May 18;118(20):e2025609118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2025609118. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021. PMID: 33975949 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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