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. 2022 Feb 8;22(1):32.
doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01982-6.

Prevalence of early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review

Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay  1 , Robert Barrie  2 , Sudeshni Naidoo  2 , Tina Roberts  3
Affiliations

Prevalence of early childhood caries in South Africa: a systematic review

Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay et al. BMC Oral Health. .

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in South Africa was last determined in 2002 in a national survey. Since then only few scattered studies were conducted across pocketed communities in the country. There appears to be an increasing trend in dental caries prevalence in South Africa. Since South Africa has one of the highest burden of HIV in the world, less focus was spent on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), it was only when HIV patients developed NCD's did the government start evaluating NCDs. However, oral health is still not given enough attention within the health sphere. It is the hope of this systematic review to showcase the extent of dental caries amongst the future leaders of our country.

Objectives: The systematic review presents the prevalence and severity of early childhood caries between age groups and provinces in South Africa from 1975 to 2014.

Design: A systematic review of prevalence was performed.

Settings and participants: All studies performed on children under the age of six who lived in South Africa were eligible to be included.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: The prevalence of ECC and the dmft scores were the primary and secondary outcome measures.

Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the present review. The overall prevalence was 44.94% (95% confidence interval (C.I.) 39.73-50.15%) and the overall dmft score was 2.422 (95% C.I. 2.148-2.696).

Conclusions: The dmft score was the lowest in the Limpopo Province and highest in the Eastern Cape. ECC prevalence increased post-apartheid possibly on account of lifestyle changes due to the exodus from rural to urban and peri-urban areas. Registration The protocol of this systematic review was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42018112161, in November 2018.

Keywords: ECC; Early childhood caries; Prevalence; South Africa.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of literature search and selection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Spatial Distribution of ECC prevalence and dmft scores in South Africa
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Prevalence of ECC in South Africa by Year
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Publication bias dmft score
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Publication bias prevalence estimate
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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