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Review
. 2022:3:100086.
doi: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100086. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Therapeutics for COVID-19 and post COVID-19 complications: An update

Debdoot Basu  1 , Vivek P Chavda  2 , Anita A Mehta  1
Affiliations
Review

Therapeutics for COVID-19 and post COVID-19 complications: An update

Debdoot Basu et al. Curr Res Pharmacol Drug Discov. 2022.

Abstract

Since its inception in late December 2020 in China, novel coronavirus has affected the global socio-economic aspect. Currently, the world is seeking safe and effective treatment measures against COVID-19 to eradicate it. Many established drug molecules are tested against SARS-CoV-2 as a part of drug repurposing where some are proved effective for symptomatic relief while some are ineffective. Drug repurposing is a practical strategy for rapidly developing antiviral agents. Many drugs are presently being repurposed utilizing basic understanding of disease pathogenesis and drug pharmacodynamics, as well as computational methods. In the present situation, drug repurposing could be viewed as a new treatment option for COVID-19. Several new drug molecules and biologics are engineered against SARS-CoV-2 and are under different stages of clinical development. A few biologics drug products are approved by USFDA for emergency use in the covid management. Due to continuous mutation, many of the approved vaccines are not much efficacious to render the individual immune against opportunistic infection of SARS-CoV-2 mutants. Hence, there is a strong need for the cogent therapeutic agent for covid management. In this review, a consolidated summary of the therapeutic developments against SARS-CoV-2 are depicted along with an overview of effective management of post COVID-19 complications.

Keywords: COVID-19; Clinical trials; Drug delivery; Emergency use approval; Monoclonal antibodies; Pandemic; Post COVID Complications; SARS-CoV-2.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
COVID-19 cases reported weekly by WHO region and global deaths as of November 7, 2021 (World Health Organization, 2021a, World Health Organization, 2021b).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The overview diagram of SARS-CoV-2 invasion and the response of host immune system along with targeted drugs for different viral replication steps. (Adopted under CC BY 4.0 license from (Zhou et al., 2021).
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Repurposed drugs for COVID-19 and their mechanism of action.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Post COVID-19 complications involving different organ system. (Adopted under permission from (Zheng et al., 2021)).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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