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. 2022 Jun;57(3):470-478.
doi: 10.1111/jre.12976. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Reciprocal role of PLAP-1 in HIF-1α-mediated responses to hypoxia

Masahide Takedachi  1 , Satomi Yamamoto  1 , Kohsuke Kawasaki  1 , Junpei Shimomura  1 , Mari Murata  1 , Chiaki Morimoto  1 , Asae Hirai  1 , Kazuma Kawakami  1 , Phan Bhongsatiern  1 , Tomoaki Iwayama  1 , Keigo Sawada  1 , Satoru Yamada  2 , Shinya Murakami  1
Affiliations

Reciprocal role of PLAP-1 in HIF-1α-mediated responses to hypoxia

Masahide Takedachi et al. J Periodontal Res. 2022 Jun.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the mutual regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α activity and periodontal ligament-associated protein-1 (PLAP-1) expression in human periodontal ligament cells (HPDLs).

Background: Cellular responses to hypoxia regulate various biological events (e.g., inflammation and tissue regeneration) through activation of HIF-1α. PLAP-1, an extracellular matrix protein preferentially expressed in the periodontal ligament, plays important roles in the functions of HPDLs. Although PLAP-1 expression has been demonstrated in hypoxic regions, the involvement of PLAP-1 in responses to hypoxia has not been revealed.

Methods: HPDLs were cultured under normoxic (20% O2 ) or hypoxic (1% O2 ) conditions with or without deferoxamine mesylate (chemical hypoxia inducer) or chetomin (HIF signaling inhibitor). Expression levels of PLAP-1 and HIF-1α were examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Luciferase reporter assays of HIF-1α activity were performed using 293T cells stably transfected with a hypoxia response element (HRE)-containing luciferase vector in the presence or absence of recombinant PLAP-1 or PLAP-1 gene transfection.

Results: Cultivation under hypoxic conditions elevated the gene and protein expression levels of PLAP-1 in HPDLs. Deferoxamine mesylate treatment also enhanced PLAP-1 expression in HPDLs. Hypoxia-induced PLAP-1 expression was significantly suppressed in the presence of chetomin. PLAP-1-suppressed HPDLs showed increased HIF-1α accumulation in the nucleus during culture under hypoxic conditions, but not in the presence of recombinant PLAP-1. In the presence of recombinant PLAP-1, hypoxia-induced HRE activity of 293T cells was significantly suppressed in a dose-dependent manner. Transfection of the PLAP-1 gene resulted in a significant reduction of HRE activity during culture under hypoxic conditions.

Conclusion: PLAP-1 expression is upregulated under hypoxic conditions through HIF-1α activation. Moreover, hypoxia-induced PLAP-1 expression regulates HIF-1α signaling.

Keywords: PLAP-1; extracellular matrix; hypoxia-inducible factor; periodontal ligament.

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