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. 2022 Feb 10;17(2):e0260150.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260150. eCollection 2022.

Syndromic surveillance: A key component of population health monitoring during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in France, February-June 2020

Marie-Michèle Thiam  1 , Isabelle Pontais  1 , Cécile Forgeot  1 , Gaëlle Pedrono  1 ; SurSaUD® Regional Focal Point; SOS Médecins; Group of Emergency Medicine Doctors; Louis-Marie Paget  2 , Anne Fouillet  1 , Céline Caserio-Schönemann  1
Affiliations

Syndromic surveillance: A key component of population health monitoring during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in France, February-June 2020

Marie-Michèle Thiam et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: The French syndromic surveillance (SyS) system, SurSaUD®, was one of the systems used to monitor the COVID-19 outbreak.

Aim: This study described the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19-related visits to both emergency departments (EDs) and the network of emergency general practitioners known as SOS Médecins (SOSMed) in France from 17 February to 28 June 2020.

Methods: Data on all visits to 634 EDs and 60 SOSMed associations were collected daily. COVID-19-related visits were identified using ICD-10 codes after coding recommendations were sent to all ED and SOSMed doctors. The time course of COVID-19-related visits was described by age group and region. During the lockdown period, the characteristics of ED and SOSMed visits and hospitalisations after visits were described by age group and gender. The most frequent diagnoses associated with COVID-19-related visits were analysed.

Results: COVID-19 SyS was implemented on 29 February and 4 March for EDs and SOSMed, respectively. A total of 170,113 ED and 59,087 SOSMed visits relating to COVID-19 were recorded, representing 4.0% and 5.6% of the overall coded activity with a peak in late March representing 22.5% and 25% of all ED and SOSMed visits, respectively. COVID-19-related visits were most frequently reported for women and those aged 15-64 years, although patients who were subsequently hospitalised were more often men and persons aged 65 years and older.

Conclusion: SyS allowed for population health monitoring of the COVID-19 epidemic in France. As SyS has more than 15 years of historical data with high quality and reliability, it was considered sufficiently robust to contribute to defining the post-lockdown strategy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Proportion of daily COVID-19-related visits among overall coded visits (top) and proportion of daily hospitalisations among overall COVID-19-related visits (bottom), by age group in emergency departments and SOS Médecins associations in France (including overseas territories and Corsica) from 17 February to 28 June 2020.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Proportion of weekly COVID-19-related visits among overall visits in emergency departments and SOS Médecins associations, all ages, from 17 February to 28 June 2020, in the French regions and overseas territories.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Proportion of COVID-19-related visits among overall visits in emergency departments and SOS Médecins associations by districts and age group during the lockdown period (from 16 March to 10 May 2020) in France.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Daily proportion of the number of emergency departments (ED) visits for each of the ICD-10 codes included in the definition of the COVID-19 indicator among the total number of COVID-19-related visits in EDs from 1 March to 28 June 2020.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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