Cardiovascular changes in young renal failure patients

Abstract

Progresses in medical care of severe kidney disease and congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract make it possible for a higher percentage of young renal failure patients to survive and enter adulthood. There is thus an increasing need to focus on the long-term effects of severely reduced kidney function early in life. Cardiovascular changes are known to contribute considerably in adulthood to the severe complications of renal failure. In young chronic kidney disease patients, there is limited knowledge of subclinical cardiovascular disease. In this issue of Clinical Kidney Journal, Lalayiannis et al. describe significant structural and functional cardiovascular changes in a young cohort of kidney failure patients with glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m². Among the 100 patients between 5 and 30 years of age included in the study, 84 presented with signs of cardiovascular disease. There is a need for long-term follow-up data on cardiovascular consequences of renal failure early in life and evaluation of prophylactic and therapeutic measures that can ameliorate the overall prognosis for these patients. We look forward to planned future long-term data from this cohort as well as increased focus in general on cardiovascular changes in young renal failure patients.

Keywords: cardiorenal disease; cardiovascular disease; child; chronic kidney disease; dialysis; young adults.

FIGURE 1:

Dialysis-induced systemic stress acting as disease modifier and resulting in a multiorgan injury superimposed on preexistent comorbidities and affecting outcomes. From Canaud et al. [5].