Acromegalic cardiomyopathy: a neglected cause of cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Acromegaly represents a rare endocrine condition characterized by an excessive secretion of the growth hormone (GH) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), mostly subsequent to a pituitary adenoma. Acromegaly affects 40-60 people per million without significant dif-ference between men and women, with an average age of onset of 44. The slow progression of the disease leads to a delay in diagnosis of 4 to 10 years from the onset of the hormonal imbalance. The increase of the GH and IFG-1 levels is associated with cardiac, respiratory, metabolic and rheumatic disorders. The cardiac involvement, also called acromegalic cardiomyopathy, causes a serious deterioration of the prognosis quoad vitam. An early diagnosis and a targeted treatment at the initial stage of the myocardial damage can enable the revers-ibility of the structural alterations.

Keywords: Acromegalic cardiomyopathy; stress echocardiography; structural dilatative cardiomyopathy.