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Review
. 2023 Jan 18;118(17):3272-3287.
doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvac013.

Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology

Gianluigi Savarese  1   2 , Peter Moritz Becher  1   3 , Lars H Lund  1   2 , Petar Seferovic  4   5 , Giuseppe M C Rosano  6   7 , Andrew J S Coats  8
Affiliations
Review

Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology

Gianluigi Savarese et al. Cardiovasc Res. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Heart Failure (HF) is a multi-faceted and life-threatening syndrome characterized by significant morbidity and mortality, poor functional capacity and quality of life, and high costs. HF affects more than 64 million people worldwide. Therefore, attempts to decrease its social and economic burden have become a major global public health priority. While the incidence of HF has stabilized and seems to be declining in industrialized countries, the prevalence is increasing due to the ageing of the population, improved treatment of and survival with ischaemic heart disease, and the availability of effective evidence-based therapies prolonging life in patients with HF. There are geographical variations in HF epidemiology. There is substantial lack of data from developing countries, where HF exhibits different features compared with that observed in the Western world. In this review, we provide a contemporary overview on the global burden of HF, providing updated estimates on prevalence, incidence, outcomes, and costs worldwide.

Keywords: Cardiovascular; Ejection fraction; Epidemiology; Guidelines; Heart failure.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: A.C. declares no conflicts related to this work. Outside of the submitted work, in the last 3 years, A.C. declares having received honoraria and/or lecture fees from: Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Menarini, Novartis, Nutricia, Servier, Vifor, Abbott, Actimed, Arena, Cardiac Dimensions, Corvia, CVRx, Enopace, ESN Cleer, Faraday, Gore, Impulse Dynamics, Respicardia. G.M.R. declares no conflicts of interest related to this work. P.S. declares no conflicts of interest related to this work. L.H.L. reports no conflict of interest related to this work. Personal fees from Merck, grants and personal fees from Vifor-Fresenius, grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, grants and personal fees from Relypsa, personal fees from Bayer, grants from Boston Scientific, personal fees from Pharmacosmos, personal fees from Abbott, personal fees from Medscape, personal fees from Myokardia, grants and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, grants and personal fees from Novartis, personal fees from Sanofi, personal fees from Lexicon, and ownership in AnaCardio, all outside the submitted work. G.S. reports no conflict of interest related to this work. Grants and personal fees from Vifor, grants and non-financial support and grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Societá Prodotti Antibiotici, grants and personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Servier, grants from Novartis, personal fees from GENESIS, personal fees from Cytokinetics, personal fees from Medtronic, grants from Boston Scientific, grants from PHARMACOSMOS, all outside the submitted work. P.M.B. reports no conflict of interest related to this work. P.M.B. received funding from the German Research Foundation, outside the submitted work.