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. 2022 Jan 27:8:734888.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.734888. eCollection 2021.

Investigation of Correlations Between Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers and Visual Acuity in X-Linked Retinoschisis

Zhanjie Lin  1   2 , Siwen Zang  1 , Dan Jouma Amadou Maman Lawali  1 , Yu Xiao  1 , Xiaomin Zeng  1 , Honghua Yu  1   3 , Yijun Hu  1   4   5
Affiliations

Investigation of Correlations Between Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers and Visual Acuity in X-Linked Retinoschisis

Zhanjie Lin et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the imaging biomarkers of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and their correlations with age and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS).

Methods: OCT images of 72 eyes of 39 patients with confirmed XLRS were obtained to assess imaging biomarkers, including but not limited to the automatic evaluation of foveal thickness, central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume, and the manual measurement of area of macular schisis cavity (AMS). Correlations between age/BCVA and all OCT parameters were computed as well.

Results: In this study, median age was 10.5 (8-12) years old and median BCVA was 0.90 (0.70-1.00) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution. Macular retinoschisis was found in all affected eyes, with peripheral retinoschisis (PRS) in 34 (47.2%) eyes. Cystic cavities most frequently affected inner nuclear layer (100%) in the macula. Ellipsoid zone (EZ) defects occurred in 53 (73.6%) eyes. As for correlation, BCVA was significantly correlated with several OCT parameters, including CST, AMS, EZ defect, PRS and vitreomacular adhesion, whereas no correlation was found between age and any OCT parameter.

Conclusion: Explicable OCT imaging biomarkers such as CST, AMS, and photoreceptor defects were identified and may serve as reference parameters or potential regions of interest for future observational and interventional research design and result interpretation.

Keywords: X-linked retinoschisis; biomarker; correlation; optical coherence tomography; visual acuity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The computer user interface of the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The foveal thickness (FT), central subfield thickness (CST), and macular volume (MV) were automatically measured by the built-in software of the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Manual measurement of the area of macular schisis cavity (AMS). The macular schisis cavities were marked by yellow lines and the results were computed by ImageJ software.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography image reveals macular schisis cavities in inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL). Small cystic cavities were found in the ganglion cell layer (GCL). NFL, nerve fiber layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; EZ, ellipsoid zone; RPE, retinal pigment epithelium.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography image reveals the vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) in the macula (white arrow), with loss of outer retinal layers, and a minimal attenuation of RPE band. But the patient did not have macular atrophy visible in the fundus photograph.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The scatter plots represent the linear correlations between BCVA and structural properties determined by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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