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. 2022 Jan 21;15(3):821.
doi: 10.3390/ma15030821.

A Facile Synthesis of Noble-Metal-Free Catalyst Based on Nitrogen Doped Graphene Oxide for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Vladimir P Vasiliev  1 , Roman A Manzhos  1 , Valeriy K Kochergin  1 , Alexander G Krivenko  1 , Eugene N Kabachkov  1   2 , Alexander V Kulikov  1 , Yury M Shulga  1 , Gennady L Gutsev  3
Affiliations

A Facile Synthesis of Noble-Metal-Free Catalyst Based on Nitrogen Doped Graphene Oxide for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Vladimir P Vasiliev et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

A simple method for the mechanochemical synthesis of an effective metal-free electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction was demonstrated. A nitrogen-doped carbon material was obtained by grinding a mixture of graphene oxide and melamine in a planetary ball mill. The resulting material was characterized by XPS, EPR, and Raman and IR spectroscopy. The nitrogen concentration on the N-bmGO surface was 5.5 at.%. The nitrogen-enriched graphene material (NbmGO has half-wave potential of -0.175/-0.09 V and was shown to possess high activity as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. The electrocatalytic activity of NbmGO can be associated with a high concentration of active sites for the adsorption of oxygen molecules on its surface. The high current retention (93% for 12 h) after continuous polarization demonstrates the excellent long-term stability of NbmGO.

Keywords: N-doped; ball-milling; graphene oxide; melamine; noble-metal-free catalysts; oxygen reduction reaction.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
SEM images of GO (a), bmGO (b), and NbmGO (c).
Figure 2
Figure 2
C1s lines in the XPS spectra of GO (a), bmGO (b), NbmGO (c), and N 1s lines of NbmGO (d).
Figure 3
Figure 3
FTIR spectra of GO (1), bmGO (2), NbmGO (3), and melamine (4).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Raman spectra of GO (1), bmGO (2), and NbmGO (3). See the text for the peak designation.
Figure 5
Figure 5
ESR spectra of GO (1), bmGO (2), and NbmGO (3) obtained at room temperature.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a) Linear sweep voltammograms of O2-saturated 0.1 M KOH solution for the bare GC electrode (curve 1) and GC coated with bmGO (curve 2) and NbmGO (curve 3), v = 10 mV/s, ω = 2000 rpm. (b) Dependencies of the electron transfer number n on the potential E for the bare GC electrode (curve 1), GC covered with bmGO (curve 2), and NbmGO (curve 3). (c) Voltammograms for NbmGO measured at different speed of electrode rotations. (d) Corresponding j-ω dependences in the Koutecký–Levich coordinates.
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