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Review
. 2022 Jan 21;19(3):1184.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031184.

Cardiovascular System during SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Maciej Koźlik  1 , Adrianna Błahuszewska  2 , Maciej Kaźmierski  1
Affiliations
Review

Cardiovascular System during SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Maciej Koźlik et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 virus can not only damage the respiratory system but may also pose a threat to other organs, such as the heart or vessels. This review focuses on cardiovascular complications of COVID-19, including acute cardiac injury, arrhythmias, biomarkers, accompanying comorbidities and outcomes in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The research was conducted on the databases: PubMed, Springer, ScienceDirect, UpToDate, Oxford Academic, Wiley Online Library, ClinicalKey. Fifty-six publications from 1 November 2020 till 15 August 2021 were included in this study. The results show that cardiac injury is present in about 1 in 4 patients with COVID-19 disease, and it is an independent risk factor, which multiplies the death rate several times in comparison to infected patients without myocardial injury. New-onset cardiac injury occurs in nearly every 10th patient of the COVID-19-suffering population. Comorbidities (such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease and diabetes) severely deteriorate the outcome. Therefore, patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection should be carefully assessed in terms of cardiac medical history and possible cardiological complications.

Keywords: cardiac complications; cardiac injury; coronavirus disease 2019; prognosis; troponin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Exclusion and inclusion criteria.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cardiac injury amongst COVID-19-infected patients [7,8,9,10,11,12].
Figure 4
Figure 4
New cardiac injury amongst COVID-19-infected patients [10,17,18,19].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Arrhythmias and new arrhythmias in COVID-19-infected patients [42,43,44,45,46,47].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Hypertension in COVID-19-infected patients (median—47.8) [11,13,14,16,24,27,28,30,33,42,44,45,46,49,50,52,53,55,56,60,61,62].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Diabetes in COVID-19-infected patients (23.7—median) [13,14,16,24,27,28,30,33,42,45,46,49,50,52,55,56,60,61,62].
Figure 8
Figure 8
CAD in COVID-19-infected patients (14.1—median) [13,14,23,24,28,30,32,33,42,44,50,52,56,58,60].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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