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Review
. 2022 Jan 22;19(3):1221.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19031221.

Recommendations for the Development of Telemedicine in Poland Based on the Analysis of Barriers and Selected Telemedicine Solutions

Kamila Furlepa  1 , Anna Tenderenda  2 , Remigiusz Kozłowski  3 , Michał Marczak  4 , Waldemar Wierzba  1 , Andrzej Śliwczyński  1
Affiliations
Review

Recommendations for the Development of Telemedicine in Poland Based on the Analysis of Barriers and Selected Telemedicine Solutions

Kamila Furlepa et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Technological development around the world has led to the digitalisation of the health system. Along with the digitalisation of the health sector, financial, legal, awareness-related, technological and IT barriers appeared. The aim of the article is to present recommendations for the development of telemedicine services in Poland on the basis of a list of implementation barriers and ways of resolving them in the USA and selected European countries. A literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR, using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, Scopus and the OECD iLibrary. A total of 59 literature positions were used, which constituted the references. The article presented the implemented and effective solutions in selected countries. Based on these solutions, recommendations for the development of telemedicine in Poland were presented, as well as successes in the form of telemedicine startups, which can inspire other countries. The analysis of the publications discussed in the article shows that the implementation of telemedicine services should begin with the elimination of barriers limiting the development of telemedicine systems. An important issue in their elimination is to analyse their interconnections and implement such solutions which would have a multi-area coverage.

Keywords: development of telemedicine; e-health; telemedicine; telemedicine barriers; telemedicine solutions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The areas of the most common barriers related to the use of telemedicine in the world [13].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Increase in the percentage of people using the Internet for medical purposes between 2007 and 2017 [21].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Literature selection diagram (to PRISMA).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Solutions introduced in the United States to minimise barriers [24].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Investments in digitalisation of the health sector in 2016–2017 in the USA [30].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Telemedicine tools according to the American Association of Telemedicine [37].
Figure 7
Figure 7
Common features of Nordic healthcare systems [42].
Figure 8
Figure 8
Socio-technical model for the management and provision of healthcare [42].
Figure 9
Figure 9
Existing solutions for digital transformation of the health sector [44].
Figure 10
Figure 10
Examples of Polish startups as successfully implemented telemedicine solutions [53].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. De Souza C., Morbeck R., Steinman M., Hors C., Bracco M., Kozasa E., Leão E. Barriers and Benefits in Telemedicine Arising Between a High-Technology Hospital Service Provider and Remote Public Healthcare Units: A Qualitative Study in Brazil. Telemed. e-Health. 2017;23:527–532. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2016.0158. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Blix M., Jeansson J. Digital Transformation and Public Services. Routledge; Oxfordshire, UK: 2019. Telemedicine and the Welfare State: The Swedish Experience.
    1. World Health Organization . Global Diffusion of eHealth: Making Universal Health Coverage Achievable: Report of the Third Global Survey on eHealth. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2017.
    1. Hyppönen H., Koch S., Faxvaag A. Nordic eHealth Benchmarking from Piloting towards Established Practice. Nordic Council of Ministers. TemaNord; Copenhagen, Denmark: 2017. pp. 25–73.

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