The mediator role of stigma in the association of mindfulness and social engagement among breast cancer survivors in China

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the association between mindfulness and social engagement among Chinese breast cancer survivors (BCSs) and the mediator role of stigma in the relation of mindfulness and social engagement.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 937 BCSs from March to April 2021 in Shanghai, China. Data were collected using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8-item version, and the index of social engagement. Descriptive statistics, independent-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and regression analyses were used to explore the role of stigma in the association of mindfulness and social engagement among Chinese BCSs.

Results: Social engagement levels differed significantly by participant's BMI, education level, employment status, personal monthly income, monthly per capita household income. Mindfulness was positively correlated with social engagement, and stigma was negatively correlated with mindfulness and social engagement among Chinese BCSs. Stigma plays a complete mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and social engagement in BCSs.

Conclusion: In the practice of individual mindfulness intervention on social engagement of BCSs, health care providers should identify and eliminate the constraints, which restrain the reduction of stigma level while individual mindfulness is being enhanced.

Keywords: Breast cancer survivors; Mindfulness; Social engagement; Stigma.

Fig. 1

Coefficients for total, direct, and indirect effects of mindfulness on social engagement. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001