Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Feb 10;11(2):230.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11020230.

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Reduces the Rate of Surgical Site Infection in Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Systematic Review

Luigi Marano  1 , Ludovico Carbone  1 , Gianmario Edoardo Poto  1 , Natale Calomino  1 , Alessandro Neri  1 , Riccardo Piagnerelli  1 , Andrea Fontani  1 , Luigi Verre  1 , Vinno Savelli  1 , Franco Roviello  1 , Daniele Marrelli  1
Affiliations
Review

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Reduces the Rate of Surgical Site Infection in Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Systematic Review

Luigi Marano et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

Surgical site infection occurs with high frequency in gastrointestinal surgery, contributing to the high incidence of morbidity and mortality. The accepted practice worldwide for the prevention of surgical site infection is providing single- or multiple-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis. However, most suitable antibiotic and optimal duration of prophylaxis are still debated. The aim of the systematic review is to assess the efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis in controlling surgical site infection rate following esophagogastric surgery. PubMed and Cochrane databases were systematically searched until 31 October 2021, for randomized controlled trials comparing different antimicrobial regimens in prevention surgical site infections. Risk of bias of studies was assessed with standard methods. Overall, eight studies concerning gastric surgery and one study about esophageal surgery met inclusion criteria. No significant differences were detected between single- and multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis. Most trials assessed the performance of cephalosporins or inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase. Antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) is effective in reducing the incidence of surgical site infection. Multiple-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis is not recommended for patients undergoing gastric surgery. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of antimicrobial prophylaxis in esophageal cancer patients.

Keywords: antimicrobial prophylaxis; esophageal surgery; gastric surgery; surgical site infection.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of bias summary: traffic light plot and summary plot.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chodak G.W. Use of Systemic Antibiotics for Prophylaxis in Surgery. Arch. Surg. 1977;112:326–334. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1977.01370030098018. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Aga E., Keinan-Boker L., Eithan A., Mais T., Rabinovich A., Nassar F. Surgical site infections after abdominal surgery: Incidence and risk factors. A prospective cohort study. Infect. Dis. 2015;47:761–767. doi: 10.3109/23744235.2015.1055587. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Mangram A.J., Horan T.C., Pearson M.L., Silver L.C., Jarvis W.R. The Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection, 1999. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 1999;20:247–280. doi: 10.1086/501620. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Pollock A. Surgical Prophylaxis—The Emerging Picture. Lancet. 1988;331:225–230. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(88)91074-4. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hall J.C., Watts J.M., Press L., O’Brien P., Turnidge J., McDonald P. Single-Dose Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Contaminated Abdominal Surgery. Arch. Surg. 1989;124:244–247. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1989.01410020118020. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources