No Difference in the Incidence of Complications in Pediatric Patients with Moderate Anemia 30 Days after Pediatric Hip Surgery with and without Blood Transfusion

Abstract

This study investigated the association between postoperative blood transfusion and the incidence of postoperative complications 30 days after pediatric hip surgery as well as factors significantly associated with 30-day postoperative complications. Patients were divided into two groups: those with postoperative complications and those with no complications. Postoperative hematocrit (Hct) was categorized as <25%, 25-30%, and >30%. Comparison was made between all postoperative complications at the 30-day follow-up that were influenced by anemia in patients who received transfusion and those who did not. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors independently associated with postoperative complications. The overall 30-day postoperative complication rate for all patients was 17% (24/138). No significant difference between the transfusion and the non-transfusion patients was found. Preoperative hematocrit (Hct) was significantly lower in the complications group (p = 0.030), and both length of stay and 30-day readmission were significantly higher in patients with complications (p = 0.011 and p < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed female gender (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.18-10.36; p = 0.026) and length of hospital stay (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.41; p = 0.004) to be factors independently associated with 30-day postoperative complications. However, no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications at 30 days following pediatric hip dysplasia surgery was found between patients who received blood transfusion to maintain a Hct level ≥25% and those not receiving transfusion.

Keywords: anemia; complication; hip dysplasia; osteotomy; pediatric.