Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Jan 30;11(2):224.
doi: 10.3390/biology11020224.

Platelet-Leucocyte Aggregates as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases

Kinga Pluta  1 , Kinga Porębska  1 , Tomasz Urbanowicz  2 , Aleksandra Gąsecka  1 , Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska  2 , Radosław Targoński  3 , Aleksandra Krasińska  4 , Krzysztof J Filipiak  5 , Marek Jemielity  2 , Zbigniew Krasiński  6
Affiliations
Review

Platelet-Leucocyte Aggregates as Novel Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases

Kinga Pluta et al. Biology (Basel). .

Erratum in

Abstract

Platelet-leucocyte aggregates (PLA) are a formation of leucocytes and platelets bound by specific receptors. They arise in the condition of sheer stress, thrombosis, immune reaction, vessel injury, and the activation of leukocytes or platelets. PLA participate in cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Increased levels of PLA were revealed in acute and chronic coronary syndromes, carotid stenosis cardiovascular risk factors. Due to accessible, available, replicable, quick, and low-cost quantifying using flow cytometry, PLA constitute an ideal biomarker for clinical practice. PLA are promising in early diagnosing and estimating prognosis in patients with acute or chronic coronary syndromes treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PLA were also a reliable marker of platelet activity for monitoring antiplatelet therapy. PLA consist also targets potential therapies in CVD. All of the above potential clinical applications require further studies to validate methods of assay and proof clinical benefits.

Keywords: aggregates; biomarker; cardiovascular disease; flow cytometry; leucocyte; platelets; platelet–leucocyte aggregates.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Molecules tethering platelets with leucocytes in platelet–leucocyte aggregates and subsets of platelet–leucocyte aggregates. Abbreviations: GP IIb/IIIa—glycoprotein IIb/IIIa; Mac-1—complement receptor 3; PLA-E—platelet-eosinophil aggregates; PLA-Ly—platelet–lymphocyte aggregates; PLA-LyB—platelet–lymphocyte B aggregates; PLA-LyT—platelet–lymphocyte T aggregates; PLA-M—platelet-monocyte aggregates; PLA-N—platelet–neutrophil aggregates; PLA-NK—platelet–natural killer cells aggregates; PSGL-1—P-selectin glycoprotein ligand; sCD40L—soluble ligand of cluster of differentiation 40.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Potential clinical applications of platelet–leukocyte aggregates. Abbreviations: CABG—coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD—cardiovascular diseases; PCI—percutaneous coronary intervention.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Recommendations regarding blood withdrawal, sample handling and platelet–leucocyte aggregates for measurement with conventional flow cytometry. Abbreviations: CD—cluster of differentiation; MA—monoclonal antibodies; min—minute; mL—millilitre; µm—micrometre; µL/min—microlitre per minute; °C—degrees Celsius.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Health Organization . Global Health Estimates 2020: Deaths by Cause, Age, Sex, by Country and by Region, 2000–2019. World Health Organization; Geneva, Switzerland: 2020.
    1. Statistics Netherlands (CBS) StatLine: Population; Key Figures. [(accessed on 16 October 2021)]. Available online: https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/en/dataset/37296eng/table?dl=45163.
    1. Neumann F.J., Zohlnhofer D., Fakhoury L., Ott I., Gawaz M., Schomig A. Effect of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor blockade on platelet-leukocyte interaction and surface expression of the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 in acute myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 1999;34:1420–1426. doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00350-2. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Nagasawa A., Matsuno K., Tamura S., Hayasaka K., Shimizu C., Moriyama T. The basis examination of leukocyte-platelet aggregates with CD45 gating as a novel platelet activation marker. Int. J. Lab. Hematol. 2013;35:534–541. doi: 10.1111/ijlh.12051. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Petito E., Amison R.T., Piselli E., Shah S.A., Momi S., Pitchford S.C., Gresele P., Page C.P. A dichotomy in platelet activation: Evidence of different functional platelet responses to inflammatory versus haemostatic stimuli. Thromb. Res. 2018;172:110–118. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.10.019. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources