Highly sensitive methane detection based on light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy with a 2.33 µm diode laser and adaptive Savitzky-Golay filtering

Abstract

In this manuscript, a highly sensitive methane (CH₄) sensor based on light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (LITES) using a 2.33 µm diode laser with high power is demonstrated for the first time. A quartz tuning fork (QTF) with an intrinsic resonance frequency of 32.768 kHz was used to detect the light-induced thermoelastic signal. A Herriot multi-pass cell with an effective optical path of 10 m was adopted to increase the laser absorption. The laser wavelength modulation depth and concentration response of this CH₄-LITES sensor were investigated. The sensor showed excellent long term stability when Allan deviation analysis was performed. An adaptive Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filtering algorithm with χ2 statistical criterion was firstly introduced to the LITES technique. The SNR of this CH₄-LITES sensor was improved by a factor of 2.35 and the minimum detection limit (MDL) with an integration time of 0.1 s was optimized to 0.5 ppm. This reported CH₄-LITES sensor with sub ppm-level detection ability is of great value in applications such as environmental monitoring and industrial safety.