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Case Reports
. 2022 Feb 16;10(5):1697-1701.
doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i5.1697.

Hepatitis B virus in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with purulent bacterial meningitis detected by multiplex-PCR: A case report

Dai-Quan Gao  1 , Yong-Qiang Hu  2 , Xin Wang  3 , Yun-Zhou Zhang  4
Affiliations
Case Reports

Hepatitis B virus in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with purulent bacterial meningitis detected by multiplex-PCR: A case report

Dai-Quan Gao et al. World J Clin Cases. .

Abstract

Background: Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a common central nervous system inflammatory disease. BM may cause serious complications, and early diagnosis is essential to improve the prognosis of affected patients.

Case summary: A 37-year-old man was hospitalized with purulent meningitis because of worsening headache for 12 h, accompanied by vomiting, fever, and rhinorrhea. Head computed tomography showed a lesion in the left frontal lobe. Infectious disease screening showed positivity for hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e antigen, and hepatitis B core antigen. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak was suspected based on clinical history. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) was detected in CSF by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology, confirming the diagnosis of purulent BM. After treatment, multiplex PCR indicated the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and absence of S. pneumoniae DNA in CSF samples.

Conclusion: We report a rare case of HBV in the CSF of a patient with purulent BM. Multiplex PCR is more sensitive than mNGS for detecting HBV DNA.

Keywords: Case report; Cerebrospinal fluid; Hepatitis B virus; Multiplex PCR; Purulent meningitis; Streptococcus pneumoniae.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Computed tomography scanning results (intracranial hemorrhage secondary to intracranial infection).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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