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. 2022 Feb;44(2):91-99.
doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1741454. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Estimate of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Pregnant Women and Associated Factors

Mariana Rinaldi Carvalho  1 , Lívia Castro Crivellenti  1 , Daniela Saes Sartorelli  2
Affiliations

Estimate of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity of Pregnant Women and Associated Factors

Mariana Rinaldi Carvalho et al. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2022 Feb.

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Objective: To investigate the dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) of pregnant women, and associated factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 785 pregnant adult women attended in primary health care centers of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained, and the usual intake was estimated through the Multiple Source Method. The DTAC was estimated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. The relationship between the higher DTAC estimate (≥ median of 4.3 mmol/day) and associated factors was investigated using adjusted logistic models with backward selection.

Results: In total, 25% of the pregnant women were classified as overweight, and 32% as obese. The median (P25, P75) DTAC was 4.3 (3.3-5.6) mmol/day. Through adjusted logistic regression models with backward selection, a higher chance of DTAC estimates above the median among pregnant women aged ≥ 35 years old (2.01 [1.24-3.27]) was verified when compared with younger pregnant women. Women with prepregnancy overweight (0.63 [0.45-0.89]) and obesity (0.59 [0.40-0.88]) presented a lower chance of DTAC estimates above the median when compared with eutrophic pregnant women. A higher DTAC estimate was positively associated with the use of dietary supplements (1.39 [1.03-1.88]), and negatively associated with total dietary energy (0.59 [0.42-0.85]).

Conclusion: The DTAC estimate over the median was associated with greater age, adequate body weight, use of dietary supplements, and lower energy intake.

Investigar a capacidade antioxidante total da dieta (CATd) de gestantes e os fatores associados. MéTODOS: Estudo transversal conduzido entre 785 gestantes adultas em acompanhamento de pré-natal em Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil. Para a estimativa da dieta usual, 2 inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas foram obtidos e ajustados empregando-se o Multiple Source Method. A CATd foi estimada com base no ensaio de potência de redução de ferro. Para investigar a relação entre a maior estimativa de CATd (≥ mediana de 4,3 mmol/dia) e os fatores associados, foram empregados modelos de regressão logística ajustados em função backward. RESULTADOS: No total, 25% das gestantes foram classificadas com sobrepeso e 32% com obesidade. A mediana (P25; P75) da CATd foi de 4,3 (3,3–5,6) mmol/dia. Em modelos de regressão logística ajustados em função backward, verificou-se maior chance da estimativa da CATd acima da mediana entre gestantes com idade ≥ 35 anos (2,01 [1,24–3,27]), quando comparadas às gestantes de menor idade. Mulheres com sobrepeso (0,63 [0,45–0,89]) e obesidade (0,59 [0,40; 0,88]) no período pré-gestacional apresentaram menor chance da estimativa da CATd acima da mediana, quando comparadas às eutróficas. A estimativa da CATd foi positivamente associada ao uso de suplementos dietéticos (1,39 [1,03–1,88]) e negativamente associada à energia total da dieta (0,59 [0,42–0,85]). CONCLUSãO: A estimativa da CATd acima da mediana foi positivamente associada à maior idade, eutrofia, ao uso de suplementos dietéticos e à menor ingestão energética.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the study.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Main dietary contributors to the DTAC intake of the pregnant women ( n  = 785).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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    Carvalho RRS, Viola PCAF, Crispim SP, França AKTDC, Navarro AM, Souza BF, Faria FR, Sperandio N, Pizato N, Macedo MS, Pereira RJ, Franceschini SDCC, Carvalho CA; *Multicenter Study on Iodine Deficiency (Estudo Multicêntrico de Deficiência de Iodo - EMDI Brasil); Navarro AM, Carvalho CA, Silva DGD, Faria FR, Sperandio N, Meléndez JGV, Barbosa MDCR, Pizato N, Macedo MS, Pereira RJ, Crispim SP, Priore SE, Franceschini SDCC. Carvalho RRS, et al. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2025 Feb 10;28:e250002. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720250002. eCollection 2025. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2025. PMID: 39936734 Free PMC article.

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