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. 2022 Feb 16;10(2):310.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10020310.

Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection among Patients with Diabetes and Their Vaccination Coverage Status in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Hospital-Based Diabetes Registry

Ayla M Tourkmani  1 , Abdulaziz Mansour Bin Rsheed  1 , Mohammad Saad AlEissa  1 , Sulaiman Mohammed Alqahtani  1 , Azzam Fahad AlOtaibi  1 , Mohammed S Almujil  1 , Ibrahim H ALKhashan  2 , Turki N ALNassar  3 , Mansour N ALOtaibi  3 , Alian A Alrasheedy  4
Affiliations

Prevalence of COVID-19 Infection among Patients with Diabetes and Their Vaccination Coverage Status in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Hospital-Based Diabetes Registry

Ayla M Tourkmani et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

Patients with diabetes have a higher risk of severe infection and mortality due to COVID-19. Considering the current limited effective pharmacological treatments, vaccination remains one of the most effective means to control the pandemic. The current study aimed to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 infection and the rate of COVID-19 vaccination coverage among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patients were identified from a diabetes hospital registry at Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in July 2021. The history of COVID-19 infection and the vaccination status were retrieved from the National Health Electronic Surveillance Network (HESN) program and the Seha platform, respectively. A total of 11,573 patients were included in this study (representing 99.5% of all patients in the registry). A total of 1981 patients (17.1%) had a history of confirmed COVID-19 infection. The rate of vaccination with a 1st dose was 84.8% (n = 9811), while the rate of full vaccination with the 2nd dose was 55.5% (n = 6422). The analysis showed that a higher proportion of male patients were fully vaccinated than female patients (61.0% versus 51.2%, p < 0.001). There were statistically significant differences among the age groups, with the full vaccination rate ranging from 59.0% for the 61-70-year-old age group to 49.0% for the > 80-year-old age group (p < 0.001). The patients with no previous history of COVID-19 infection were more likely to get fully vaccinated than those with a previous history of the infection (63.9% versus 14.6%, respectively, p < 0.001). The factors associated with a higher likelihood of unvaccinated status included the female gender (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.705 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.528-1.902)), elderly patients in the age group of 61-70 (aOR (95% CI) = 1.390 (1.102-1.753)), the age group of 71-80 (aOR (95% CI) = 1.924 (1.499-2.470)) and the age group of >80 (aOR (95% CI) = 3.081 (2.252-4.214), and prior history of COVID-19 infection (aOR (95% CI) = 2.501 (2.223-2.813)). In conclusion, a considerable proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes had confirmed COVID-19 infection. Continued targeted efforts are needed to accelerate vaccination coverage rates among patients with diabetes in general and the particular subgroups identified in this study.

Keywords: COVID-19; diabetes; infections; vaccination; vaccine hesitancy; vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The rate of vaccination among patients with type 2 diabetes as of 16 July 2021.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The rates of partial and full vaccination status among patients with type 2 diabetes as of 16 July 2021.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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