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Review
. 2022 Jan 24;11(2):140.
doi: 10.3390/pathogens11020140.

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Humans and Food-Producing Animals in West Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ellis Kobina Paintsil  1   2 , Linda Aurelia Ofori  2 , Sarah Adobea  3 , Charity Wiafe Akenten  1   2 , Richard Odame Phillips  1 , Oumou Maiga-Ascofare  1   4   5 , Maike Lamshöft  4   5 , Jürgen May  4   5   6 , Kwasi Obiri Danso  2 , Ralf Krumkamp  4   5 , Denise Dekker  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter spp. Isolated from Humans and Food-Producing Animals in West Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ellis Kobina Paintsil et al. Pathogens. .

Abstract

Campylobacter species are one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis in humans. This review reports on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance data of Campylobacter spp. isolated from humans and food-producing animals in West Africa. A systematic search was carried out in five databases for original articles published between January 2000 and July 2021. Among 791 studies found, 38 original articles from seven (41%) out of the 17 countries in West Africa met the inclusion criteria. For studies conducted in food-producing animals, the overall pooled prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was 34% (95% CI: 25-45). The MDR prevalence was 59% (95% CI: 29-84) and half (50%, 13/26) of the animal studies had samples collected from the market. The human studies recorded a lower pooled prevalence of Campylobacter spp. (10%, 95% CI: 6-17), but a considerably higher rate of MDR prevalence (91%; 95% CI: 67-98). The majority (85%, 11/13) of the human studies took place in a hospital. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli were the most common species isolated from both animals and humans. Our findings suggest that Campylobacter spp. is highly prevalent in West Africa. Therefore, improved farm hygiene and 'One Health' surveillance systems are needed to reduce transmission.

Keywords: Campylobacter; West Africa; antibiotic resistance; campylobacteriosis; food-producing animals; pooled prevalence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the article selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of included Campylobacter prevalence studies conducted by countries in West Africa between 2000 and 2021.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot showing Campylobacter prevalence from poultry and livestock studies from West Africa between 2000 and 2021. The light blue squares represent individual study weight in the meta-analysis and the black lines within the square reflect the 95% CI. The navy blue diamonds represent the results for random effects models, the left and right endpoints of which are the lower and upper bounds of the 95% CI, respectively.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Funnel plot with 95% confidence limits showing the prevalence of Campylobacter species in poultry and livestock in West Africa.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Forest plot showing Campylobacter prevalence in HIV, diarrhea and non-diarrhea patients. The light blue squares represent individual study weight in the meta-analysis and the black lines within the square reflect the 95% CI. The navy blue diamonds represent the results for random effects models, the left and right endpoints of which are the lower and upper bounds of the 95% CI, respectively.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Funnel plot with 95% confidence limits showing the prevalence of Campylobacter species in humans in West Africa.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The proportion of Campylobacter spp. resistant to commonly tested antibiotics.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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