Prevalence of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7 and TSPyV in Actinic Keratosis Biopsy Specimens

Abstract

To date, 14 human polyomaviruses (HPyVs) have been identified using high-throughput technologies. Among them, MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7 and TSPyV present a skin tropism, but a causal role in skin diseases has been established only for MCPyV as a causative agent of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and TSPyV as an etiological agent of Trichodysplasia Spinulosa (TS). In the search for a possible role for cutaneous HPyVs in the development of skin malignant lesions, we investigated the prevalence of MCPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7 and TSPyV in actinic keratosis (AK), a premalignant skin lesion that has the potential to progress towards a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). One skin lesion and one non-lesion skin from nine affected individuals were analyzed by qualitative PCR. MCPyV was detected in 9 out of 9 lesion biopsies and 6 out of 8 non-lesion biopsies. HPyV6 was detected only in healthy skin, while HPyV7 and TSPyV were not detected in any skin sample. These findings argue against a possible role of cutaneous HPyVs in AK. However, considering the small sample size analyzed, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn. Longitudinal studies on large cohorts are warranted.

Keywords: PCR; actinic keratosis; human polyomaviruses; sequencing; skin; skin cancers.

Figure 1

Multiple alignment of MCPyV-VP1 sequence found in biopsy samples, compared to reference sequence from isolate R17b [GenBank: HM011556.1]. P1: Patient 1, P2: Patient 2, P3: Patient 3.

Figure 2

Pairwise alignment of HPyV6-LT sequence from healthy tissue sample of patient P1, compared to reference sequence from isolate F-SKP61079 [GenBank: LC309185.1]. P1: Patient 1.