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Review
. 2022 Mar;51(1):133-148.
doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2021.11.009. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

Fertility Considerations in Hypogonadal Men

Nikoleta Papanikolaou  1 , Rong Luo  1 , Channa N Jayasena  2
Affiliations
Review

Fertility Considerations in Hypogonadal Men

Nikoleta Papanikolaou et al. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2022 Mar.

Abstract

Hypogonadism can be present in up to 40% in men who present with couple infertility. Testosterone is the major androgen regulating-spermatogenesis in men; as a result, men with either primary or secondary hypogonadism may be subfertile because of impaired spermatogenesis. The clinical impact of hypogonadism on fertility potential depends on the timing of its onset (fetal, prepubertal, or postpubertal) and effect on semen parameters. Treatment pathways and success rates differ according to the cause of hypogonadism and the time of its onset. When medical therapy fails to induce sufficient sperm, assisted reproductive technologies are considered.

Keywords: Aromatase inhibitors; GnRH; Gonadotropins; Hormone stimulation; Hypogonadal men; Hypogonadism; Male infertility; SERM.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine is funded by grants from the MRC and NIHR and is supported by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Funding Scheme. C.N. Jayasena is funded by an NIHR Post-Doctoral Fellowship. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the above-mentioned funders, the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health.

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