Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Mar 4;33(3):28.
doi: 10.1007/s10856-022-06652-9.

The ascension of nanosponges as a drug delivery carrier: preparation, characterization, and applications

Kartik Tiwari  1 , Sankha Bhattacharya  2
Affiliations
Review

The ascension of nanosponges as a drug delivery carrier: preparation, characterization, and applications

Kartik Tiwari et al. J Mater Sci Mater Med. .

Abstract

Nanosponges are nanosized drug carriers with a three-dimensional structure created by crosslinking polymers. They have the advantage of being able to hold a wide range of drugs of various sizes. Nanosponges come in a variety of shapes and sizes. They are distinguished by the research method used, the type of polymer used, and the type of drug they may contain. Nanosponges are superior to other delivery systems because they can provide a controlled drug release pattern with targeted drug delivery. The period of action, as well as the drug's residence time, may be regulated. Since it is made of biodegradable materials, it has a low toxicity and is safe to use. The efficiency of drug encapsulation is determined by the size of the drug molecule and the amount of void space available. Cancer, enzyme and biocatalyst carrier, oxygen delivery, solubility enhancement, enzyme immobilization, and poison absorbent are some of the applications for nanosponges. The method of preparation, characterization, factors affecting nanosponge development, drug loading and release mechanism, recent developments in this area, and patents filed in the area of nanosponges are all highlighted in this study. Graphical abstract.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

None
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Types of nanosponges
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Solvent method
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Ultrasound-assisted method
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Melt method
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Bubble electrospinning
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Emulsion solvent diffusion method
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Quasi emulsion solvent method
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mali AD, Bathe R, Patil M. An updated review on transdermal drug delivery systems. Int J Adv Sci Res. 2015;1:244. doi: 10.7439/ijasr.v1i6.2243. - DOI
    1. Soares PIP, Romão J, Matos R, Silva JC, Borges JP. Design and engineering of magneto-responsive devices for cancer theranostics: Nano to macro perspective. Prog Mater Sci. 2021;116:100742. doi: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100742. - DOI
    1. Nanotechnology in Textiles: theory and application - Rajesh Mishra, Jiri Militky - Google Books p.80, n.d. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4WR6DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1.... Accessed 19 Feb 2021
    1. Wei T, Torkelson JM. Molecular weight dependence of the glass transition temperature (Tg)-confinement effect in well-dispersed poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-silica nanocomposites: comparison of interfacial layer tgand matrix Tg. Macromolecules. 2020;53:8725–36. doi: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01577. - DOI
    1. Upadhyay RK. Drug delivery systems, CNS protection, and the blood brain barrier, Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014. 10.1155/2014/869269 - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources