Fully Ultrasound-Assisted Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: Preliminary Report

Abstract

Background: Reducing fluoroscopy times and iodine contrast administration during endovascular repair (EVAR) of infrarenal aortic aneurysms remains a challenge. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the preliminary results of a fully ultrasound-assisted EVAR without iodine contrast administration.

Methods: Twenty-seven consecutive patients underwent an elective intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-assisted EVAR with final contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) control of correct aneurysm exclusion. In no case intraprocedural injection of iodine contrast medium was performed. The primary study's end points were the overall duration of the procedure, duration of fluoroscopy, cumulative radiation dose, the length of intraoperative CEUS control, and the comparison of findings between intraoperative CEUS and computed tomography (CT) scan at 1 month.

Results: Mean duration of the procedure was 130 ± 35 min. Overall duration of fluoroscopy was 22 ± 18 min. Mean radiation dose was 66 mGy (range 24-82). The mean length of CEUS final control was 8 ± 2 min. No type I or type III endoleak was detected either at CEUS or at angio-CT scan at 1 month from EVAR. CEUS revealed a type II endoleak in 6 patients (22%), compared to 9 type II endoleaks (33%) detected at angio-CT scan 1 month after the procedure (P = 0.5).

Conclusions: Fully ultrasound (IVUS and CEUS)-assisted EVAR is safe, feasible, and reliable, completely eliminating the need for iodine contrast medium and reducing the radiation exposure for both patients and surgeons.