Safety of Laparoscopic Appendectomy in the Setting of Coagulopathy: An ACS-NSQIP Study

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with coagulopathy requiring emergent appendectomy constitute a challenging patient population. It is unclear whether laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is as safe as open appendectomy (OA) in these patients.

Methods: We queried the ACS-NSQIP database for adults with coagulopathy undergoing emergent appendectomy from 2014 to 2017. Demographic characteristics and operative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Propensity weighting for LA versus OA was estimated using augmented inverse probability of treatment weights (AIPW).

Results: A total of 137,429 patients were included, of which 7049 (5%) had coagulopathy. In patients with coagulopathy, LA was the most common approach (89%). After AIPW, there was no difference in the adjusted risk of either postoperative transfusion or 30-day reoperation between OA and LA. LA was associated with reduced operative time (56 versus 75 min), length of stay (3.5 versus 7.0 d), and surgical site infection rate (6% versus 13%) compared to OA.

Conclusions: Patients with coagulopathy represent a significant proportion of those undergoing an appendectomy. The majority of patients with coagulopathy who require appendectomy undergo LA, and this approach appears to be safe with regard to transfusion requirement and reoperation.

Keywords: Appendectomy; Appendicitis; Coagulopathy; Laparoscopy; NSQIP.