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Review
. 2022 Feb 28;14(5):995.
doi: 10.3390/polym14050995.

Shape-Memory Materials via Electrospinning: A Review

Valentina Salaris  1   2 , Adrián Leonés  1   2 , Daniel Lopez  1   2 , José Maria Kenny  3 , Laura Peponi  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Shape-Memory Materials via Electrospinning: A Review

Valentina Salaris et al. Polymers (Basel). .

Abstract

This review aims to point out the importance of the synergic effects of two relevant and appealing polymeric issues: electrospun fibers and shape-memory properties. The attention is focused specifically on the design and processing of electrospun polymeric fibers with shape-memory capabilities and their potential application fields. It is shown that this field needs to be explored more from both scientific and industrial points of view; however, very promising results have been obtained up to now in the biomedical field and also as sensors and actuators and in electronics.

Keywords: biomedical applications; biopolymers; electrospinning; electrospun fibers; nanocomposites; shape memory; smart materials.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Stimuli-responsive shape-memory polymers.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Shape-memory polymers architecture and possible transitions [9].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mechanism of thermally induced shape-memory polymers.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Schematic diagram of a 3D thermo-mechanical cycle and main parameters.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Schematic representation of an electrospinning setup.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Diagram of the number of documents regarding shape-memory fibers per year (Scopus Source).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Number of published scientific papers looking for keywords: (a) “shape memory” + “polymers”; (b) “shape memory” + “polymers” + “electrospinning”.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Mechanism of water-responsive shape recovery.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Shape-memory amorphous mechanism [66].
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) Representation of composite fabrication and shape-memory cycles; (b) schematic experimental setup for two-way SMPs [80].
Figure 11
Figure 11
Representation of the production process of PEBA/PVA composite. Reprinted with permission from [94]. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Thermo-mechanical shape-memory cycles of PLA-OLA (80:20) at (a) 40 °C and (b) 45 °C [12].
Figure 13
Figure 13
Synthesis of Fe3O4@CD-M nanoparticles. MWNTs were firstly functionalized by grafting maleic anhydride (MA) on their surface through a free radical reaction, subsequently modified by β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and finally the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by the co-precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ using β-CD as depositional locus [105].
Figure 14
Figure 14
Representation of the fabrication of the trisegment SMP by electrospinning.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Representation of the sponge-like 3D scaffold [150].
Figure 16
Figure 16
(a) Fabrication and self-adhesion of sub-micron fiber cardiac patch. SEM of (b) 5% PU, (c) 5% PU–3% PANI, and (d) 5% PU–3% PANI–0.5% SiO2, (e) 5% PU–6% PANI–0.5% SiO2, and (f) 5% PU–9% PANI–0.5% SiO2, and (g) fiber diameter distribution. Reprinted (adapted) with permission from [161]. Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Schematic illustration of wound closure process by using CNMs [182].
Figure 18
Figure 18
(a) Shape recovery of rolled-up paper. (b) Shape-memory behavior of the SMPU/MXene and its potential use as a fire alarm sensor [229].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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