The Gut Microbiome, Seleno-Compounds, and Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Background: Gut microbiome alterations might be considered a metabolic disorder. However, the relationship between the microbiome and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been properly validated. Methods: The feces of 44 subjects (AMI: 19; control: 25) were collected for fecal genomic DNA extraction. The variable region V3−V4 of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The metabolite amounts were analyzed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathways. Results: The bacteria were more enriched in the AMI group both in the observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and faith phylogenetic diversity (PD) (p-value = 0.01 and <0.001 with 95% CI, individually). The Selenomonadales were less enriched in the AMI group at the family, genus, and species levels (all linear discriminant analysis (LDA) scores > 2). Seleno-compounds were more abundant in the AMI group at the family, genus, and species levels (all LDA scores > 2). Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate the association of Selenomonadales and seleno-compounds with the occurrence of AMI. Our findings provide an opportunity to identify a novel approach to prevent and treat AMI.

Keywords: Selenomonadales; acute coronary syndrome; microbiota; myocardial infarction; seleno-compound.

Figure 1

The study flow chart (MI: myocardial infarction).

Figure 2

(a) Observed operational taxonomic units (OTUs); p = 0.01; (b) Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (PD); p < 0.001; (c) Pielou’s evenness; p = 0.4; 95% CI; (d) Shannon; p = 0.23; 95% CI. CTL: control; ME: AMI.

Figure 3

(a) Taxonomic groups showing the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) result at the family level; (b) taxonomic groups showing the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) result at the genus level; (c) taxonomic groups showing the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) result at the species level. CTL: control; ME: AMI.

Figure 4

(a) Taxonomy differential abundance analysis of seleno-compound metabolism at the family level; (b) taxonomy differential abundance analysis of seleno-compound metabolism at the genus level; (c) taxonomy differential abundance analysis of seleno-compound metabolism at the species level. CTL: control; ME: AMI.