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Review
. 2022 Mar 2;23(5):2767.
doi: 10.3390/ijms23052767.

Gender-Related Aspects in Osteoarthritis Development and Progression: A Review

Maria Peshkova  1   2   3 , Alexey Lychagin  4 , Marina Lipina  3   4 , Berardo Di Matteo  4   5 , Giuseppe Anzillotti  5   6 , Flavio Ronzoni  6   7 , Nastasia Kosheleva  1   2   3   8 , Anastasia Shpichka  1   2   3   9 , Valeriy Royuk  10 , Victor Fomin  11 , Eugene Kalinsky  3   4 , Peter Timashev  1   2   3   9 , Elizaveta Kon  5   6
Affiliations
Review

Gender-Related Aspects in Osteoarthritis Development and Progression: A Review

Maria Peshkova et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease treated mostly symptomatically before approaching its definitive treatment, joint arthroplasty. The rapidly growing prevalence of OA highlights the urgent need for a more efficient treatment strategy and boosts research into the mechanisms of OA incidence and progression. As a multifactorial disease, many aspects have been investigated as contributors to OA onset and progression. Differences in gender appear to play a role in the natural history of the disease, since female sex is known to increase the susceptibility to its development. The aim of the present review is to investigate the cues associated with gender by analyzing various hormonal, anatomical, molecular, and biomechanical parameters, as well as their differences between sexes. Our findings reveal the possible implications of gender in OA onset and progression and provide evidence for gaps in the current state of art, thus suggesting future research directions.

Keywords: biomechanics; cartilage; hormones; osteoarthritis; sexual dimorphism; sexual diversity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare in this article.

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