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Review
. 2021 Feb 1;9(4):1459-1476.
doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c06988. Epub 2021 Jan 19.

Oxidative Stability of Vegetal Oil-Based Lubricants

Clarissa Murru  1 , Rosana Badía-Laíño  1 , Marta E Díaz-García  1
Affiliations
Review

Oxidative Stability of Vegetal Oil-Based Lubricants

Clarissa Murru et al. ACS Sustain Chem Eng. .

Abstract

Lipids are widely distributed in nature and are one of the most important components of natural foods, synthetic compounds, and emulsions. To date, there is a strong social demand in the industrial sector for the use of sustainable products with a minimal environmental impact. Depending on their origin and composition, lipids can be employed as a plausible alternative as biodegradable lubricants in order to reduce the use of conventional mineral oil lubricants and mitigate their environmental impact. This perspective provides an overview of the advantages and constrains of vegetal oils under different lubrication regimes and the tribochemical reactions that can take place. Also, the different factors and pathways that influence their oxidation, the key role of moisture, and the changes of physical properties under pressure and temperature are reviewed. Special emphasis is devoted to the oxidation instability of fatty acids and vegetal oils and the physical and chemical approaches to improve oxidative and thermal stability are described in detail.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic configurations of commercial tribometers. Normal load is pointed to by the black arrows.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Stribeck curve illustrating different lubrication regimes and relations to coefficient of friction, speed, and lubricant viscosity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Interaction modes of the carboxylic group with the surface of a metal oxide/hydroxide nanoparticle.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Processes associated with surface physical and chemical changes during friction.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) Structure showing the dissociation energies (kJ/mol) of C–H bonds in fatty acids. (B) Physically and chemically attackable domains in TAGs.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A) Initiation process of lipid oxidation with the reactive oxygen hydroxyl radical. (B) Resonance system with formation of conjugated dienes and addition of oxygen to yield hydroperoxide radicals.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Epoxidation process of triacyglycerol (TAG) and formation of an acetylated product.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Examples of oxirane ring opening for the introduction of different functionalities to produce biodegradable lubes.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Process of formation of an estolide.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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