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Review
. 2022 Jan 31;37(1):e343.
doi: 10.5001/omj.2022.52. eCollection 2022 Jan.

Respiratory Complications after COVID-19

Issa Al-Jahdhami  1 ; Khalid Al-naamani1; Adhra Al-Mawali  2   3 , Sami M Bennji  4
Affiliations
Review

Respiratory Complications after COVID-19

Issa Al-Jahdhami et al. Oman Med J. .

Abstract

COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with high short-term morbidity and mortality. Lungs are the main organs affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. In the long-term, the pulmonary sequelae related to COVID-19 are expected to rise significantly leading to an extended impact on community health and health care facilities. A wide variety of long-term respiratory complications secondary to COVID-19 have been described ranging from persistent symptoms and radiologically observable changes to impaired respiratory physiology, vascular complications, and pulmonary fibrosis. Even after two-years, respiratory sequalae related to post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection have not been fully explored and understood. The main treatment for most COVID-19 respiratory complications is still symptomatic and supportive-care oriented. In this review article, we shed light on current knowledge of the post-COVID-19 complications, focusing on pulmonary fibrosis, treatment directions, and recommendations to physicians.

Keywords: COVID-19; Pulmonary Fibrosis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HRCT showing different patterns: (a) diffuse ground glass opacity (red arrows) and parenchymal bands (green arrows); (b) COP (red arrows), reticulations (blue arrows), and traction bronchiectasis (green arrow); (c) crazy paving; and (d) Mosaic attenuation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Bilateral filling defects in the main pulmonary arteries (arrows) representing bilateral pulmonary embolism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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