Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2022 Aug;34(8):e23745.
doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23745. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Insulin sensitivity as a predictor of longitudinal changes on body mass index in Brazilian adolescents

Valéria Lima da Cruz  1 , Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano  2   3 , Vitor Barreto Paravidino  1   4 , Fabiana Alves Neves  5 , Tayanne de Oliveira Malafaia  5 , Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Junior  3 , Anibal Sanchez Moura  5 , Rosely Sichieri  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Insulin sensitivity as a predictor of longitudinal changes on body mass index in Brazilian adolescents

Valéria Lima da Cruz et al. Am J Hum Biol. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance status at baseline on longitudinal body mass index, and the possible effect modification by sex.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized intervention community trial, in which a subgroup of 84 adolescents, aged between 10 and 12 years, were analyzed. Body weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were determined before and after 8 months of follow-up. Glucose and serum insulin were examined at baseline and IR was defined based on the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), with a cutoff >2.5 for both genders. Linear mixed-effects models were performed to evaluate the influence of HOMA-IR at baseline on BMI changes over time. Models were adjusted for age, pubertal stage, and stratified by sex.

Results: The sample comprised 65.4% of girls and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was 54.7% among girls and 50.0% among boys. The overall prevalence of IR was 75.3%, of which 60.7% for boys and 83.0% for girls. We found an interaction effect by sex (p = .004) for HOMA-IR as a continuous variable, with a decreased BMI rate of change among boys (β = -0.13; p = .03) but not for girls (β = +0.03; p = .36). Longitudinal BMI changes considering IR status at baseline (IR vs. non-IR) did not demonstrate any statistically significant difference for both boys (-0.1 vs. +0.4; p = .28) and girls (+0.7 vs. +1.0; p = .44).

Conclusion: Increased HOMA-IR values at baseline were associated with greater BMI reduction over time among boys but not girls, with no influence of IR status.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Abdel Rahman, A., Jomaa, L., Kahale, L. A., Adair, P., & Pine, C. (2018). Effectiveness of behavioral interventions to reduce the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition Reviews, 76(2), 88-107. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nux061
    1. Andrade, M. I., Oliveira, J. S., Leal, V. S., Lima, N. M., Costa, E. C., Aquino, N. B., & Lira, P. I. (2016). Identification of cutoff points for homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index in adolescents: Systematic review. Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 34(2), 234-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpped.2015.08.006
    1. Chen, Y. Y., Wang, J. P., Jiang, Y. Y., Li, H., Hu, Y. H., Lee, K. O., & Li, G. W. (2015). Fasting plasma insulin at 5 years of age predicted subsequent weight increase in early childhood over a 5-year period-the Da Qing children cohort study. PLoS One, 10(6), e0127389. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127389
    1. de Onis, M., Onyango, A. W., Borghi, E., Siyam, A., Nishida, C., & Siekmann, J. (2007). Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 85(9), 660-667.
    1. Eckel, R. H. (1992). Insulin resistance: An adaptation for weight maintenance. Lancet, 340(8833), 1452-1453. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)92633-q

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources