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Review
. 2022 May;36(5):e24359.
doi: 10.1002/jcla.24359. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Gut microbiome: New biomarkers in early screening of colorectal cancer

Peng Zhou  1   2 , Dongxue Yang  2   3 , Desen Sun  1   2   3 , Yuping Zhou  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Gut microbiome: New biomarkers in early screening of colorectal cancer

Peng Zhou et al. J Clin Lab Anal. 2022 May.

Abstract

Background: Certain "star intestinal bacteria" have been found to act as a contributor to the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Besides, given that the gut microbiome can be detected in a diverse range of samples (stool, tissue, blood, etc), it is categorized into fecal microbiome, blood microbiome, and tissue microbiome.

Methods: To provide an overview of the recent research progress, this review summarizes the characteristics of the gut microbiome in different samples at each stage of CRC and their screening efficiency.

Results: The screening models constructed from different sample microbiomes (healthy/colorectal adenoma, healthy/CRC, and colorectal adenoma/CRC) have both strengths and constraints in terms of biomarker reproducibility and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the screening models. Many bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria, Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. n), Geotrichum candidum, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Escherichia coli, Rhodococcus, Anaerostipes caccae, Enhydrobacter, Lachnoclostridiumsp. m3, Bacteroides clarus, Clostridium hathewayi, Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Culinariside, and enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), show favorable diagnostic efficacy in early screening of colorectal cancer.

Conclusions: This review highlights stool, blood, tissue, and bowel fluid are the main sample sources for biomarkers, each with its own advantages and limitations. Moreover, other samples such as extracellular vesicles and biofilms also should been deserved further attention.

Keywords: biomarker; colorectal cancer; diagnosis; gut microbiome; progress.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Gut microbiome: New biomarkers in early screening of colorectal cancer
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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