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. 2022 Jun;59(6):837-842.
doi: 10.1007/s00592-022-01878-z. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Significant and persistent improvements in time in range and positive emotions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a closed-loop control system after attending a virtual educational camp

Ivana Rabbone #  1 , Silvia Savastio #  1 , Ciro Pigniatiello  1 , Chiara Carducci  2 , Maria Giulia Berioli  3 , Valentino Cherubini  4 , Donatella Lo Presti  5 , Giulio Maltoni  6 , Chiara Mameli  7 , Marco Marigliano  8 , Nicola Minuto  9 , Enza Mozzillo  10 , Elvira Piccinno  11 , Barbara Predieri  12 , Andrea Rigamonti  13 , Carlo Ripoli  14 , Riccardo Schiaffini  2 , Fortunato Lombardo  15 , Davide Tinti  16 , Sonia Toni  17 , Angela Zanfardino  18 , Andrea Enzo Scaramuzza  19 ; vEC Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations

Significant and persistent improvements in time in range and positive emotions in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes using a closed-loop control system after attending a virtual educational camp

Ivana Rabbone et al. Acta Diabetol. 2022 Jun.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the six-month impact of the advanced automated functions of a closed-loop control (CLC) system (Control-IQ) and a virtual educational camp (vEC) on emotions and time in range (TIR) of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Children and their parents participated in a three-day vEC. Clinical, glucose, and emotion data were evaluated before, just after, and six months after the vEC. Emotions were evaluated using adapted Plutchik's and Geneva Emotion Wheels.

Results: Forty-three children and adolescents (7-16 years) showed significant improvements in positive emotions immediately and six months after the vEC (67% and 65% vs 38%, p < 0.05, respectively), while mixed emotions were reduced (32% and 15% vs 61%, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The median percentage TIR increased from 64% (IQR 54-72) to 75% (IQR 70-82) with Control-IQ (p < 0.001) six months after the vEC.

Conclusions: Positive emotions (joy, serenity, and satisfaction) significantly improved while mixed emotions were significantly worse six months after the initiation of a CLC system (Control-IQ) and a vEC.

Keywords: Adolescents; Advanced hybrid closed loop; Children; Closed-loop control; Emotions; Type 1 diabetes; Virtual educational camp.

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Conflict of interest statement

IR serves on the advisory board for Sanofi Aventis and Movi and has spoken for Aboca, Abbott, Sanofi Aventis and Eli Lilly. VC serves on the advisory board for Insulet and Eli Lilly, and his institution has received research support from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, and Dompè. DL has spoken for Abbott and has received support for attending meeting from Eli Lilly. AR has spoken for Menarini and Eli Lilly and has received support for attending meeting from Abbott. MM serves on the advisory board for Medtronic and Movi, has received support for attending meeting from Movi and has spoken for Abbott and Roche. EP serves on the advisory board for Medtronic and has received support for attending meeting from Movi. BP serves on the advisory board for Eli Lilly, has received support for attending meeting from Movi, Eli Lilly, Roche, and Ferring and has spoken for Sandoz. CR serves on the advisory board for Eli Lilly and has received support for attending meeting from Novo Nordisk. RS has spoken for Abbott and Lilly, has received support for attending meeting from Medtronic and Movi, and has served on advisory boards for Abbott and Sanofi. ST has spoken for Eli Lilly, Abbott, and Sanofi Aventis and serves on the advisory board for Movi. AES has spoken for Sanofi and Abbott, has received support for attending meeting from Movi and has served on the advisory board for Medtronic and Movi. CM has served on the advisory board for Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, and Abbott and has spoken for Aboca, Eli Lilly, Theras, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, and AMryt. RB has served on the advisory board for NovoNordisk, Eli Lilly, Sanofi Aventis, Abbott, Medtronic, Movi, Roche, and Ypsomed and has received support for attending a meeting from Movi and has spoken for Eli Lilly, Abbott, and Sanofi Aventis. The other authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Frequency of positive and mixed emotions evaluated after upgrading the CLC from the Basal-IQ to Control-IQ algorithm, before vEC, just after the vEC, and six months after the vEC. No children expressed all negative emotions only
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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