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Review
. 2022 Feb 16;14(2):85-95.
doi: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i2.85.

Endoscopic colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: Considerations that we must not forget

Paulina Núñez F  1 , Rodrigo Quera  1 , David T Rubin  2
Affiliations
Review

Endoscopic colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: Considerations that we must not forget

Paulina Núñez F et al. World J Gastrointest Endosc. .

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by periods of activity and remission. The inflammatory activity of the disease involving the colon and rectum increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) over the years. Although prevention strategies are evolving, regular surveillance for early detection of neoplasia as a secondary prevention strategy is paramount in the care of IBD patients. In this review article, we discuss the current evidence of the risks of developing CRC and evaluate the best available strategies for screening and surveillance, as well as future opportunities for cancer prevention.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Crohn’s disease; Endoscopy; Inflammatory bowel disease; Surveillance; Ulcerative colitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: Rubin DT has received grant support from Takeda; and has served as a consultant for Abbvie, Altrubio, Allergan Inc., Arena Pharmaceuticals, Bellatrix Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim Ltd., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene Corp/Syneos, Connect BioPharma, GalenPharma/Atlantica, Genentech/Roche, Gilead Sciences, InDex Pharmaceuticals, Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Iterative Scopes, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Lilly, Materia Prima, Pfizer, Prometheus Biosciences, Reistone, Takeda, and Techlab Inc. Quera R has received grant support from Janssen and Nuñez F P has received support for attending meetings from Janssen.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Physiological mechanism. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; LGD: Low-grade dysplasia; HGD: High-grade dysplasia.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Colorectal cancer risk. CRC: Colorectal cancer; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn disease; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Algorithm for the management of dysplasia. Review all dysplasia with 2 experienced GI pathology. LDG: Low-grade dysplasia; HGD: High-grade dysplasia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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