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. 2022 Mar 22;22(1):278.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07276-8.

Investigation of frequency and typing of human papillomavirus among genital warts using a reverse dot blot hybridization approach

Majid Zare-Bidaki  1   2 , Mahmoud Zardast  3 , Ali Nadjafi-Semnani  4 , Mohammad Nadjafi-Semnani  5 , Davod Javanmard  1   2 , Shokouh Ghafari  1 , Nahid Ghanbarzadeh  6
Affiliations

Investigation of frequency and typing of human papillomavirus among genital warts using a reverse dot blot hybridization approach

Majid Zare-Bidaki et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide, affecting about 80% of women up to the age of 50. The persistent infection of high risk-HPV types (HR-HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer of women. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the frequency and typing of HPV in the genital lesions in the Iranian population.

Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on a population in the South-Khorasan province of Iran. All of the participants were sexually active and were checked for evident cervical warts. Biopsy samples were collected from various lesions, and all samples were tested for detection and genotyping of HPV using a reverse dot blot hybridization method (HPV direct flow CHIP).

Results: In overall, 370 samples were evaluated; 10 cases (2.7%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age of patients was 33.3 ± 8.5 years, of which 48.1% were in the age range from 25 to 36 years. Among the samples, 345 (93.2%) were positive for HPV-DNA; the low risk HPV types (LR-HPV) and HR-HPV were identified among 80.9% and 15.5% of tissue samples, respectively. Among the LR-HPV, HPV-6, 11, 42 and 54 were the most common genotypes, and HPV-16 and 39 were prevalent HR-HPV types detected. The number of pregnancies, marriage age, and partner infection were not significantly related to the HPV types. Types 42 had a declining pattern toward aging, and HPV-11 was increasing toward aging.

Conclusion: The number of samples with HR-HPV was rather high. Due to the greater frequency of infection in the age range of 25-35 years, it is advised that all individuals referred to gynecological clinics at gestational age be tested for HPV types.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; Genotype; HPV; High risk; Iran; Low risk; South Khorasan; Wart.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors of the manuscript have stated to have no conflict of interest for publication of this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Positions of HPV DNA dots on microchip revealing HPV types in the genital samples of current study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Distribution of different HPV types among the wart samples: LR-HPV types are labeled with black dashes, and HR-HPV have red bars (A); percentile of participants in the term of age categories was presented in B
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The incidence of different HPV type in 3 continuous year was presented as percent of each type
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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