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. 2022 May 16;225(10):1688-1693.
doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac060.

Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Against SARS-CoV-2 After Natural Infection Is More Potent Than After Vaccination

Gereon J Rieke  1 , Kathrin van Bremen  1 , Jenny Bischoff  1 , Michael ToVinh  1 , Malte B Monin  1 , Stefan Schlabe  1   2 , Jan Raabe  1 , Kim M Kaiser  1 , Claudia Finnemann  1 , Alexandru Odainic  3   4 , Anushka Kudaliyanage  3 , Eicke Latz  3 , Christian P Strassburg  1 , Christoph Boesecke  1   2 , Susanne V Schmidt  3 , Benjamin Krämer  1 , Jürgen K Rockstroh  1   2 , Jacob Nattermann  1   2
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Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Against SARS-CoV-2 After Natural Infection Is More Potent Than After Vaccination

Gereon J Rieke et al. J Infect Dis. .

Abstract

We compared the ability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-specific antibodies to induce natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in patients with natural infection and vaccinated persons. Analyzing plasma samples from 39 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 11 vaccinated individuals, significant induction of ADCC could be observed over a period of more than 3 months in both vaccinated and recovered individuals. Although plasma antibody concentrations were lower in recovered patients, we found antibodies elicited by natural infection induced a significantly stronger ADCC response compared to those induced by vaccination, which may affect protection conferred by vaccination.

Keywords: ADCC; COVID-19; NK cell; mRNA vaccine.

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