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. 2022 Mar 12;10(3):136.
doi: 10.3390/toxics10030136.

Indoor Carbon Dioxide, Fine Particulate Matter and Total Volatile Organic Compounds in Private Healthcare and Elderly Care Facilities

Alexandre Baudet  1   2 , Estelle Baurès  3 , Olivier Blanchard  3 , Pierre Le Cann  3 , Jean-Pierre Gangneux  3   4 , Arnaud Florentin  2   5
Affiliations

Indoor Carbon Dioxide, Fine Particulate Matter and Total Volatile Organic Compounds in Private Healthcare and Elderly Care Facilities

Alexandre Baudet et al. Toxics. .

Abstract

Poor indoor air quality can have adverse effects on human health, especially in susceptible populations. The aim of this study was to measure the concentrations of dioxide carbon (CO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in situ in private healthcare and elderly care facilities. These pollutants were continuously measured in two rooms of six private healthcare facilities (general practitioner's offices, dental offices and pharmacies) and four elderly care facilities (nursing homes) in two French urban areas during two seasons: summer and winter. The mean CO2 concentrations ranged from 764 ± 443 ppm in dental offices to 624 ± 198 ppm in elderly care facilities. The mean PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 13.4 ± 14.4 µg/m3 in dental offices to 5.7 ± 4.8 µg/m3 in general practitioner offices. The mean TVOC concentrations ranged from 700 ± 641 ppb in dental offices to 143 ± 239 ppb in general practitioner offices. Dental offices presented higher levels of indoor air pollutants, associated with the dental activities. Increasing the ventilation of these facilities by opening a window is probably an appropriate method for reducing pollutant concentrations and maintaining good indoor air quality.

Keywords: carbon dioxide; dental offices; general practitioner offices; indoor air quality; nursing homes; particulate matter; pharmacies; total volatile organic compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Examples of the flow rate measurements of an air vent in the refectory of an elderly care facility (A), and of the CO2 (1), PM2.5 (2) and TVOC (3) measurements in the commercial space of a pharmacy (B).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Continuous measurements of CO2 (orange), TVOCs (blue) and PM2.5 (green) concentrations for 24 h during the summer in different rooms of private healthcare and elderly care facilities. Notes: the shaded periods show the opening hours of healthcare facilities, mealtimes in the refectory and nocturnal time in the bedroom.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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