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. 2022 Mar 4;9(3):116.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci9030116.

Humoral Responses and Ex Vivo IFN-γ Production after Canine Whole Blood Stimulation with Leishmania infantum Antigen or KMP11 Recombinant Protein

Pamela Martínez-Orellana  1 , Noemí González  1 , Antonella Baldassarre  2 , Alejandra Álvarez-Fernández  1 , Laura Ordeix  1 , Paola Paradies  2 , Manuel Soto  3 , Laia Solano-Gallego  1
Affiliations

Humoral Responses and Ex Vivo IFN-γ Production after Canine Whole Blood Stimulation with Leishmania infantum Antigen or KMP11 Recombinant Protein

Pamela Martínez-Orellana et al. Vet Sci. .

Abstract

The effect of Leishmania infantum soluble antigen (LSA) and recombinant Kinetoplastid Membrane Protein 11 (rKMP11) on the induction of ex vivo specific IFN-γ (n = 69) and antibody responses (n = 108) was determined in dogs. All dogs were tested for serological response to both antigens and divided into Group 1: healthy (Asturias, Spain, n = 26), Group 2: sick (n = 46), Group 3: healthy Ibizan hounds (Mallorca, Spain, n = 22) and Group 4: healthy (Bari, Italy, n = 14). Antibody levels were higher for LSA when compared to rKMP11 (p = 0.001). Ibizan hounds were all seronegative to rKMP11 and 18% were low seropositive to LSA. Sick dogs presented higher antibody response to both antigens compared to the rest of the groups (p < 0.0001). All groups showed higher IFN-γ levels after LSA compared to rKMP11 responses (p < 0.05). The highest response to LSA was found in Ibizan hounds (p < 0.05). IFN-γ to LSA and rKMP11 stimulation was observed in 34% and in 2.8% of the sick dogs, respectively. Here, we demonstrated that anti-rKMP11 antibodies are mainly present in dogs with moderate to severe disease. Furthermore, cellular immune response measured by specific ex vivo IFN-γ production was more intense to LSA than stimulated to rKMP11.

Keywords: cell-mediated immunity; diagnosis; dog; leishmaniosis; serology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Specific (a) L infantum and (b) rKMP11 antibodies levels in apparently healthy non-infected dogs from a low endemicity area, Asturias, Spain (Group 1), sick dogs from Catalonia, Spain (Group 2) apparently healthy Ibizan hounds from a high endemicity area, Mallorca, Spain (Group 3) and apparently healthy dogs from a high endemicity area, Bari, Italy (Group 4).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Specific (a) L. infantum and (b) rKMP11 antibody levels in sick dogs (Group 2) classified based on LeishVet clinical staging.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Specific ex vivo IFN-γ concentration after L. infantum, rKMP11 and ConA stimulation in apparently healthy non-infected dogs from a low endemicity area, Asturias, Spain (Group 1), sick dogs from Catalonia, Spain (Group 2), apparently healthy Ibizan hounds from a high endemicity area, Mallorca, Spain (Group 3) and apparently healthy dogs from a high endemicity area, Bari, Italy (Group 4).
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