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Review
. 2022 May:149:112843.
doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112843. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Epidemiology, clinical ramifications, and cellular pathogenesis of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccination-induced adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A state-of-the-heart review

Talal Almas  1 , Sarah Rehman  2 , Eyad Mansour  3 , Tarek Khedro  3 , Ali Alansari  4 , Jahanzeb Malik  5 , Norah Alshareef  3 , Vikneswaran Raj Nagarajan  3 , Abdulla Hussain Al-Awaid  3 , Reema Alsufyani  3 , Majid Alsufyani  3 , Ali Rifai  3 , Ahlam Alzahrani  3 , Dhineswaran Raj Nagarajan  6 , Tala Abdullatif  7 , Varman Gunasaegaram  8 , Enaam Alzadjali  3 , Arthi Subramanian  3 , Abida Rahman  9 , Yasar Sattar  10 , Jason Galo  11 , Hafeez Ul Hassan Virk  12 , M Chadi Alraies  13
Affiliations
Review

Epidemiology, clinical ramifications, and cellular pathogenesis of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccination-induced adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A state-of-the-heart review

Talal Almas et al. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 May.

Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has overwhelming healthcare systems globally. To date, a myriad of therapeutic regimens has been employed in an attempt to curb the ramifications of a severe COVID-19 infection. Amidst the ongoing pandemic, the advent and efficacious uptake of COVID-19 vaccination has significantly reduced disease-related hospitalizations and mortality. Nevertheless, many side-effects are being reported after COVID-19 vaccinations and myocarditis is the most commonly reported sequelae post vaccination. Majority of these diseases are associated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Various studies have established a temporal relationship between these complications, yet the causality and the underlying pathogenesis remain hypothetical. In this review, we aim to critically appraise the available literature regarding the cardiovascular side effects of the various mRNA vaccines and the associated pathophysiology.

Keywords: COVID-19 mRNA vaccine; COVID-19 myocarditis; COVID-19 perimyocarditis; Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19); SARS-CoV-2; Takotsubo syndrome.

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Figures

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Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The various cardiovascular complications that have been reported post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccination if.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The mechanism of action of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. TCR: T-cell receptor; MHC-I: major histocompatibility complex I; TAP: trasporter associated with antigen processing; MHC-II: major histocompatibility complex II; APC: antigen presenting cell.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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