Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Mar 17;12(3):462.
doi: 10.3390/biom12030462.

The Role of LSD1 and LSD2 in Cancers of the Gastrointestinal System: An Update

Gianluca Malagraba  1 , Mahdieh Yarmohammadi  2 , Aadil Javed  3 , Carles Barceló  1 , Teresa Rubio-Tomás  4   5
Affiliations
Review

The Role of LSD1 and LSD2 in Cancers of the Gastrointestinal System: An Update

Gianluca Malagraba et al. Biomolecules. .

Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are known to play a key role in cancer progression. Specifically, histone methylation involves reversible post-translational modification of histones that govern chromatin structure remodelling, genomic imprinting, gene expression, DNA damage repair, and meiotic crossover recombination, among other chromatin-based activities. Demethylases are enzymes that catalyse the demethylation of their substrate using a flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidation process. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) and its homolog, lysine-specific demethylase 2 (LSD2), are overexpressed in a variety of human cancer types and, thus, regulate tumour progression. In this review, we focus on the literature from the last 5 years concerning the role of LSD1 and LSD2 in the main gastrointestinal cancers (i.e., gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer).

Keywords: LSD1; LSD2; colorectal cancer; demethylation; gastric cancer; liver cancer; pancreatic cancer.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
LSD1 (left panel) and LSD2 (right panel) expression and its correlation with gastric cancer fate. The green colour represents upregulation while purple represents downregulation of different molecules, which are related to LSD1 and LSD2 upregulation, respectively.
Figure 2
Figure 2
LSD1 expression and its correlation with liver cancer fate. The green colour represents upregulation or increase while purple represents decrease, which are related to LSD1 upregulation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
LSD1 and LSD2 expression and its correlation with pancreatic cancer fate. The green colour represents upregulation of each specific molecule, which all together leads to increased pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
LSD1 (left panel) and LSD2 (right panel) expression and its correlation with colorectal cancer fate. The green colour represents upregulation while purple represents downregulationof each specific molecule, which are related to LSD1 and LSD2 upregulation, respectively.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Cancer. 2022. [(accessed on 15 January 2022)]. Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer.
    1. Global Cancer Observatory International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2022. [(accessed on 15 January 2022)]. Available online: https://gco.iarc.fr/
    1. Hanahan D., Weinberg R.A. Hallmarks of cancer: The next generation. Cell. 2011;144:646–674. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hanahan D. Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. Cancer Discov. 2022;12:31–46. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1059. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Nirmaladevi R., Ilango S., Paital B., Jayachandran P., Padma P.R. Epigenetic alterations in cancer. Front. Biosci. 2020;25:1058–1109. doi: 10.2741/4847. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources